tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-65703122764789085242023-06-20T21:03:46.088-07:00Easy essay writing for kidspieplassaltmort1987http://www.blogger.com/profile/01464569697913291033noreply@blogger.comBlogger182125tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6570312276478908524.post-65435896826547667232020-09-04T04:20:00.001-07:002020-09-04T04:20:05.262-07:00The Problem of Teenage Suicide :: Teenage Suicide EssaysThe Problem of Teenage Suicide Most everybody sooner or later in their life will encounter times of nervousness, bitterness, and hopelessness. These are ordinary responses to the agony of misfortune, dismissal, or disillusionment. Those with genuine psychological sicknesses, be that as it may, regularly experience considerably more outrageous responses, responses that can leave them buried in sadness. Also, when all expectation is lost, some vibe that self destruction is the main arrangement. As per the National Institute of Mental Health, logical proof has demonstrated that practically all individuals who end their own carries on with have a diagnosable mental or substance misuse issue, and the larger part have more than one issue. As such, the emotions that regularly lead to self destruction are profoundly treatable. Thatââ¬â¢s why it is basic that we better comprehend the indications of the scatters and the practices that frequently go with contemplations of self destruction. With more information, we can frequently forestall the pulverization of losing a friend or family member. Presently the eighth-driving reason for death by and large in the U.S. furthermore, the third-driving reason for death for youngsters between the ages of 15 and 24 years, self destruction has become the subject of much late core interest. U.S. Top health spokesperson David Satcher, for example, as of late reported his Call to Action to Prevent Suicide, 1999, an activity proposed to build open mindfulness, advance mediation methodologies, and improve research. The media, as well, has been giving extremely close consideration to the subject of self destruction, composing articles and books and running reports. Self destruction among our nationââ¬â¢s youth, a populace entirely defenseless against reckless feelings, has maybe gotten the most conversation recently. Possibly this is on the grounds that adolescent self destruction appears the most tragicââ¬lives lost before theyââ¬â¢ve even began. However, while the entirety of this ongoing center is acceptable, itââ¬â¢s just the start. We can't keep on losing such a significant number of lives pointlessly. Some Basic Facts In 1996, additional adolescents and youthful grown-ups passed on of self destruction than from malignant growth, coronary illness, AIDS, birth abandons, stroke, pneumonia and flu, and ceaseless lung sickness joined. In 1996, self destruction was the second-driving reason for death among understudies, the third-driving reason for death among those matured 15 to 24 years, and the fourth-driving reason for death among those matured 10 to 14 years. From 1980 to 1996, the pace of self destruction among African-American guys matured 15 to 19 years expanded by 105 percent. It is a confident sign that while the occurrence of self destruction among teenagers and youthful grown-ups about significantly increased from 1965 to 1987, high schooler self destruction rates in the previous ten years have really been declining, potentially because of expanded acknowledgment and treatment. pieplassaltmort1987http://www.blogger.com/profile/01464569697913291033noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6570312276478908524.post-31988496246326151972020-08-25T16:01:00.001-07:002020-08-25T16:01:04.684-07:00Ilocos Region EssayThe Ilocos district or Region I (Ilokano: Rehion ti Ilocos, or Deppaar ti Ilocos ; Pangasinan: Rihiyon na Sagor na Baybay na Luzon (Region at the Northwest Coast of Luzon)) is a Region of the Philippines and is situated in the northwest of Luzon. It outskirts toward the east the districts of the Cordillera Administrative Region and Cagayan Valley and toward the south the area of Central Luzon. Toward the northwest is the West Philippine Sea. The area is made out of four territories, to be specific: Ilocos Norte, Ilocos Sur, La Union and Pangasinan. Its provincial community is San Fernando City, La Union. Ilocano speakers make 66% out of the district, and Pangasinan speakers are 27%, and the Tagalogs make 3% â⬠¢ Culture out of Ilocos Ilocandia has a rich culture suggestive of pioneer times. Vigan, the frontier city and considered as the ââ¬Å"Intramuros of the Northâ⬠, despite everything holds the Castillan provincial engineering of the occasions. Lined along its restricted and cobble-stoned avenues are old Spanish-type houses (normally called Vigan house), the majority of which have been left relinquished. These impressive homes have enormous, shrill rooftops, huge and rectangular lounges with life-sized mirrors, old, wooden furnishings and elaborate Vienna sets. The holy places of the Ilocos Region are the suffering image of the triumphant change of the Ilocano from being experts of indigenous religions to specialists of mystical Christianity. A portion of its most great temples are: the Vigan Cathedral in Ilocos Sur with its enormous hand-cut pictures of the by means of crucis; that of Magsingal (likewise in Ilocos Sur) with its hundreds of years old wooden special stepped area; the St. Augustine Church in Paoay (Ilocos Norte) which appears as an ornate kind worked with huge supports; and Sta. Maria Church (Ilocos Sur), settled on a slope with a stone flight of stairs of 80 stages, are both recorded in the UNESCO World Heritage locales. Moves were essentially an impression of the thoughtful methods of the Ilocano. The dinaklisan (a move regular to fisher people), the agabel (a weaverââ¬â¢s move) and the agdamdamili (a pot move) outline in straightforward advances the methods of the enterprising Ilocano. Other famous moves among the Ilocanos are Tadek, Habanera, Comintan, Saimita, Kinotan, Kinnalogong. pieplassaltmort1987http://www.blogger.com/profile/01464569697913291033noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6570312276478908524.post-67015491335920991712020-08-22T21:50:00.001-07:002020-08-22T21:50:23.678-07:00Clinical mangament plan and nurse prescribing of patient with urinary EssayClinical mangament plan and medical attendant recommending of patient with urinary tract disease - Essay Example As far as the improvement of medical attendant endorsing, the advancement track and method of reasoning is direct; when there is a basic need inside the social insurance framework, somebody must advance forward to address that issue. Given the requests set on specialists by expanded patient populaces and the need to organize toward intense or crisis cases, it was a characteristic answer for start to use nurture and grow their job inside the framework. As the experts who have the best degree of one-on-one contact with the patients, medical attendants are an intelligent and fundamental augmentation of the essential consideration doctor. To just grow their ability to endorse meds under a doctorââ¬â¢s oversight is certainly not an incredible jump forward regarding rationale; especially given the measure of proficiency it brings to the general human services framework. Inside the clinical condition, be that as it may, there has been struggle inside the clinical network as the specialized idea of treatment modalities has expanded and, with a huge nursing staff nearness, there has been the opening for attendants to take on more noteworthy and more troublesome clinical obligations than were recently connected with nursing. The calling itself has ââ¬Å"striven for a long time to discard the handmaiden mantle and get itself [sic] perceived as a calling, autonomous of doctorsâ⬠(Brown, Crawford, and Hicks, 2003: 348). The essential issue confronting attendants in generalââ¬and nurture prescribers particularlyââ¬is that numerous specialists see a nurseââ¬â¢s capacity to endorse prescription as an encroachment upon their domain. Likewise with any polarizing dynamic, this is unfortunate for the patients. While there are conventional and legitimate limits between the obligations and practices of specialists and medical caretakers, it is superfluous to take part in an out and out turf war; just the patients will endure. In the UK, there keeps on being the turn of events pieplassaltmort1987http://www.blogger.com/profile/01464569697913291033noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6570312276478908524.post-61226126430880419282020-08-22T05:02:00.001-07:002020-08-22T05:02:36.077-07:00The Invention of the Cotton Gin and Its Historic ImpactThe Invention of the Cotton Gin and Its Historic Impact The cotton gin, protected by American-brought into the world conceived creator Eli Whitney in 1794, altered the cotton business by incredibly accelerating the dull procedure of expelling seeds and husks from cotton fiber. Like todayââ¬â¢s huge machines, Whitneyââ¬â¢s cotton gin utilized snares to draw natural cotton through a little work screen that isolated the fiber from seeds and husks. As one of the numerous developments made during the American Industrial Revolution, the cotton gin enormously affected the cotton business, and the American economy, particularly in the South. Shockingly, it likewise changed the essence of the slave exchange - for the more terrible. How Eli Whitney Learned About Cotton Conceived on December 8, 1765, in Westborough, Massachusetts, Eli Whitney was raised by a cultivating father, a gifted technician, and innovator himself. Subsequent to moving on from Yale College in 1792, Eli moved to Georgia, in the wake of tolerating a challenge to live on the manor of Catherine Greene, the widow of an American Revolutionary War general. On her manor named Mulberry Grove, close to Savannah, Whitney educated of the troubles cotton producers confronted attempting to get by. While simpler to develop and store than food crops, cottonââ¬â¢s seeds were difficult to isolate from the delicate fiber. Compelled to carry out the responsibility by hand, every laborer could pick the seeds from close to around one pound of cotton for each day. Soon after finding out about the procedure and the issue, Whitney had constructed his first working cotton gin. Early forms of his gin, albeit little and hand-wrenched, were handily recreated and could expel the seeds from 50 pounds of cotton in a solitary day. Recorded Significance of the Cotton Gin The cotton gin made the cotton business of the south detonate. Beforeâ its development, isolating cotton filaments from its seeds was a work escalated and unrewarding endeavor. After Eli Whitney divulged hisâ cotton gin, handling cotton turned out to be a lot simpler, bringing about more noteworthy accessibility and less expensive material. Nonetheless, the innovation additionally had the side-effect of expanding the quantity of slaves expected to pick the cotton and in this way fortifying the contentions for proceeding with bondage. Cotton as a money crop turned out to be critical to such an extent that it was known as King Cotton and influenced legislative issues up until the Civil War. A Booming Industry Eli Whitneys cotton gin altered a basic advance of cotton preparing. The subsequent increment in cotton productionâ dovetailed with other Industrial Revolution developments, to be specific the steamer, which incredibly expanded the transportation pace of cotton, just as apparatus that spun and wove cotton considerably more effectively than it had been done previously. These and different headways, also the expanded benefits created by the higher creation rates, sent the cotton business on a galactic direction. By the center of the 1800s, the United States created more than 75 percent of the universes cotton, and 60 percent of the countries all out fares originated from the South. A large portion of those fares were cotton. A great part of the Southââ¬â¢s abruptly expanded amount of prepared to-weave cotton was sent out toward the North, quite a bit of it bound to take care of the New England material plants. The Cotton Gin and Slaveryâ At the point when he kicked the bucket in 1825, Whitney had never understood that the creation for which he is most popular today had really added to the development of servitude and, to a certain extent, the Civil War. While his cotton gin had decreased the quantity of laborers expected to expel the seeds from the fiber, it really expanded the quantity of slaves the estate proprietors expected to plant, develop, and reap the cotton. Because of the cotton gin, developing cotton turned out to be gainful to such an extent that ranch proprietors continually required more land and slave work to satisfy the expanding need for the fiber. From 1790 to 1860, the quantity of U.S. states where servitude was rehearsed developed from six to 15. From 1790, until Congress prohibited the importation of slaves from Africa in 1808, the slave states imported more than 80,000 Africans. By 1860, the year prior to the flare-up of the Civil War, around one of every three occupants of the Southern states was a slave. Whitneys Other Invention: Mass-Production Despite the fact that patent law debates kept Whitney from altogether benefitting from his cotton gin, he was granted a U.S. government in 1789 to deliver 10,000 black powder rifles in two years, various rifles at no other time worked in such a brief timeframe. At that point, firearms were constructed each in turn by gifted skilled workers, in this manner bringing about weapons each made of one of a kind parts and troublesome, if not difficult to fix. Whitney, be that as it may, built up an assembling procedure utilizing normalized indistinguishable and exchangeable parts that both sped creation and disentangled fix. While it took Whitney somewhere in the range of 10 years, as opposed to two to satisfy his agreement, his techniques for utilizing normalized parts that could be collected and fixed by generally untalented specialists brought about his being credited with spearheading the advancement of Americaââ¬â¢s mechanical arrangement of large scale manufacturing. - Updated by Robert Longley pieplassaltmort1987http://www.blogger.com/profile/01464569697913291033noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6570312276478908524.post-32699652776527500292020-08-21T19:32:00.001-07:002020-08-21T19:32:24.907-07:00Communication â⬠sending and receiving verbal informationCorrespondence â⬠sending and getting verbal data Correspondence is the mind boggling procedure of sending and accepting verbal data. The correspondence procedure assumes a significant job in the calling of nursing. Every day the attendants need to manage countless patients of differing foundation. Some have a place with instructed foundation and comprehends thing very well yet some are not taught, and for them comprehension and speaking with the clinical staff is exceptionally troublesome so it is the obligation of the medical caretakers to improve their aptitudes to such a degree, that speaking with individuals of numerous kinds become workable for them. The correspondence could be verbal or nonverbal like by the utilization of articulations or entertainers and so forth. The conversation among the medical attendants and the patients is directed normally in an extremely boisterous environment; both the patients and attendants are in a direness because of which undesirable issues may emerge. The headings are frequently conveyed to t he patients on the telephones as opposed to eye to eye. In the instances of crisis the relational abilities increase high significance as the choice about the method must be made promptly however here and there the patient attendant communication is postponed a lot because of which genuine outcomes could be confronted. So as to evade the issues in correspondence a few methodologies have been examined in this paper. One strategy to accomplish this goal is by the utilization of methodologies which are being utilized by different enterprises and have been viable like group asset the executives. It is an instructional class which has been structured by the avionics business. It accentuates on consolidated dynamic and group arranged methodologies. The most brilliant patient consideration can be given when the medical caretakers are available consistently. By the utilization of types of gear like foundation evaluation suggestion (SBAR), it is ensured that the conveyed messages are clear a nd not equivocal in any sort of distressing circumstance (Leonard, Graham Bonacum, 2004).à U-nursing is additionally compelling in improving the patient medical attendant correspondence. The SWOT investigation is likewise given in the proposition. The previously mentioned plans could be executed without any problem. Some are not tedious like changing the conduct and demeanor of the medical caretakers anyway some of them needs time like establishment of remote types of gear. In the event that the medical caretakers do not have what it takes for good correspondence the previously mentioned assignments turns out to be extremely hard to deal with. So as to manage patients who have various social and ethnic foundations and having various degrees of information, correspondence turns into a major test to the human services suppliers. Medicinal services suppliers particularly the attendants have consistently been extremely quick to propel the relational abilities with the goal that they can advance to better patients care administrations. In nursing, an overwhelming measure of data must be given and gotten in a limited timespan. So as to do this splendidly and easily the correspondence settings, history encounters and individual assessment of the individuals must be viewed as profoundly. So the correspondence improvements referenced above will end up being fruitful. From this examination we have come to realize that when you push toward adjustment with a patien t-focused demeanor, the best choices are self-evident. List of chapters Presentation Correspondence implies migration of the data among the individuals. The nursing work includes constant correspondence between the patients, their family members and the medical caretakers. The odds of miscommunication in this calling are extremely high which can prompt genuine consequences.à For attendants it is extremely significant that they ought to know about key conveying process and the tallness to dangers and issues that they can appear to be an aftereffect of miss-correspondence. It is essential to have clear correspondence with patients particularly for those medical caretakers who are engaged with assortment of patient history. They ought to know about the craft of teaching the patients giving them the required enthusiastic assistance (Munhill, 2007, p.452). As indicated by a report at Institute of Medicine, it has now been a set up truth that protected and reliable connection between a patient and the social insurance supplier (particularly nurture) relies on solid and great correspondence (Leonard, Graham Bonacum, 2004; Viney et al., 2006). Typically the objective of the human services suppliers is to accomplish more in a littler sum time because of which their relations with patients endure. In this proposition we will talk about how correspondences between the patients and the medical attendants can be improved so as to have a solid and productive relationship. Examination of progress required Productive correspondence between the patients and medicinal services suppliers particularly nurture is a significant region in the emergency clinic the executives however it is hampered by various issues. The conversation with the patients is directed for the most part in an extremely bustling condition; both the patients and attendants are in a rush because of which unwanted issues are raised. Correspondence with the patients is generally brought out through replying mail as opposed to having an immediate collaboration. As per the authority hypothesis as introduced by Fred Fiedler proposes that compelling gathering execution relied on the best possible match between a pioneers style of collaborating with their supporters and how much circumstance permitted the pioneer to control and impact (Robbins Coulter, 2008, p. 493). It is regularly contended that in a medical clinic setting, in-control nurture is frequently missing required skills comparable to speaking with patients that spe ak to a boundary in effective authority. One of the prime reasons being their advancement from the clinical attendant hence they are well-suited at managing clinical issues yet sick prepared to be viewed as a decent communicator with patients (Connelly et al., 2003, p.298). Their relationship ought to be relationship arranged as opposed to concentrating exclusively on routine errands. So also way objective hypothesis as formulated by Robert House additionally favors pioneer job to be increasingly steady, giving guidance to applicable others (Robbins Coulter, 2008, p.498). An investigation led in United States of America presumed that 90% of the deficiencies in tolerant examination result from poor correspondence between the patients and the human services suppliers. Diverse kind of parameters like absence of rest or legitimate rest, long obligation hours, other low maintenance employments, individual issues or family concerns may effectsly affect the capacity of medical caretakers to connect with the patients. Subsequently the current test is to build up a domain which is agreeable for attendants with the goal that they can without much of a stretch play out their activity. One technique to accomplish this objective is by applying the procedures which have been adjusted by businesses working past arrangement of clinical guide. Group asset the board as developed by avionics office could likewise bring wanted results. The methodology assists with coordinating all endeavors towards equivalent investment in dynamic, driving a group centered social methodology. The best patient consideration can be given when the medical attendants are can be handily reached in the event of any issue during patients remain at the emergency clinic. By utilizing diverse electronic devices like circumstance foundation evaluation proposal (SBAR), such strategies help to pass on clear messages between the two medical caretakers and patients to conquer the difficult circumstance (Leonard, Graham Bonacum, 2004).à It is expressed that numerous attendants spare around 20 to 40 minutes consistently in the event that they have quick contact with the masters. A large portion of the medical clinics of the Unites States despite everything utilize the old peculiar phone frameworks which sit around idly as well as may prompt miscommunication. Another correspondence innovation like that of Dalcon Alertcan give an answer for this issue. It is a remote innovation and by the utilization of it the patients, medical caretakers, staff and the doctors can remain in contact with o ne another constantly, while even on move. An examination demonstrated that 70 to 80 percent of time could be spared every day by the utilization of this innovation. The innovation additionally gives direct cautions to the medical caretakers on their gadgets (Kohn, Corrigan Donaldson, 2000). Another strategy is to utilize the U-Nursing method. By U Nursing we imply that the medical caretakers are accessible to all the associations and foundations at all the time by utilizing the offices from data innovation. The SWOT investigation about this nursing procedure is given underneath (Murray, 2007, p.32). SWOT Analysis: Qualities: Easy to use and Less tedious Master counsel benefit constantly Framework is exceptionally sheltered and secure Worldwide quality measures kept up Improve the correspondence between the patients and the medical attendants Shortcomings: The arrangement costs are high Medical attendants are not yet especially prepared to utilize this framework Absence of help and reinforcement foundation Openings: Research studies will be encouraged Innovation advancement in nursing calling On the off chance that goes fruitful , could be applied to all the medical clinics and has only one time arrangement costs Comprehensive and Humanized Dangers: Framework breakdowns by assault of infections prompting information misfortune High reliance on the data innovation Scholarly exclusive issues Be shy of initiative in nursing Abuse of individual data of patients and loss of security Uninformed patients might be misinformed Game plan The game plan for the previously mentioned examination is as per the following: First the working hours of the medical attendants would be talked about and balanced in like manner so they can work mindfully and productively and this will be done right away. The pay structure would be reexamined so that there would be no requirement for low maintenance employments. Perceive any preventions which may hamper the correspondence like can the patient chat in English effectively or not? If not the attendant ought to mastermind a translator. On the off chance that the consultation capacity of the patient isn't well, pieplassaltmort1987http://www.blogger.com/profile/01464569697913291033noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6570312276478908524.post-70504577102839899722020-08-06T03:31:00.001-07:002020-08-06T03:31:05.195-07:003 Creative Leadership Methods to Spark the Next Big Idea3 Creative Leadership Methods to Spark the Next Big Idea Innovation. Whether youâre watching a recent TED talk or looking up Forbesâ 30 under 30, innovation is a word that will come up over and over again. But as it turns out, itâs not just a buzzword. The likes of Snapchat, who claim to reach a mammoth 41% of all 18-25 year-olds in the U.S. daily, have seen huge gains from coming up with and harnessing, that one bright idea. So we know that creative thinking within startups and companies is leading to growth. The questions is how can you create an environment in which any single member of your team could come up with the next winning concept? Weâve looked at a bunch of studies, and included a hint of personal experience, to collate three proven creative leadership methods. Try these three techniques in your company to promote and sustain creativity in your team: 1. Set up a Team Experiment To create an environment where everyoneâs ideas feel welcome, companies should take a leaf out of scienceâs book. Belle Beth Cooper, productivity expert, believes that by viewing work in a more scientific way, and conducting ideas as experiments, we stand to learn a great deal: âA scientist hasnât failed in their work if their hypothesis turns out to be incorrect. Rather, all they have to do to succeed in their work is run the experiment and collect data. That data helps them form new hypotheses and run further experiments. Compare this to the average approach to work. Thereâll usually be a clear aim in mind and not a great deal of scientific process when it comes to getting the work submitted by a deadline. You either do the work well or not, and turn it in on time, or not.â Buckminster Fuller tried and tested the experimental approach, back in the 1930s. By viewing every professional and personal decision as a micro-experiment, Fuller was able to turn his life around. He transformed from being on the brink of despair to becoming a famous writer, inventor, and designer of the architectural structures heâs remembered for today. You can apply this approach in your leadership too. To increase ideation, show your team that ideas are not only welcome but will be tried out as experiments. Your team will feel more confident to contribute ideas knowing that suggestions wonât succeed or fail, but will simply be proved or disproved, like a hypothesis. Either way, the company will stand to learn, develop and grow. At MeisterLabs, weâve experimented with a bunch of different methods in our office and company culture, to see what would boost our collaboration and creativity. Some have succeeded (yogi Mondays and Fridays in the office) and some we decided to scrap (not-so-hot-desking Wednesdays). Weâll be running a series of articles soon to talk through these company culture experiments but our MeisterLabs experiments donât stop there. We also like to experiment with our products its in our name after all. Run a team competition As Michael Kranner, MeisterLabsâ own Growth guy, shared with us on the FOCUS blog previously, our MeisterLabs growth team is the link between product development and marketing. However, product experiments extend outside of just the growth team. This year, the MeisterLabs team are running a competition where every team member is invited to propose a âgrowth experimentâ (or multiple) for either MindMeister or MeisterTask. Whoever comes up with the winning experiment will be awarded a trip to New York, on the company. The aim of the competition is to actively invite all employees, not just the growth team, to take the creative steering wheel. In turn, the company has come together to really be creative with how we think the products could be improved. Everyones suggestions are welcomed and appreciated, regardless of where in the company theyve come from. Whatâs more, there are no failures, as every idea is a growth experiment, from which the team can learn. Launch an idea competition in your office. Try asking non-marketing team members to come up with new taglines or customer support staff for ideas on how they think the homepage could be improved. Your next growth hack could be right on your doorstep. 2. Inspire Your Team with Humility As MeisterLabsâ CEO, Michael Hollauf, wrote recently for Entrepreneur, our expectation that leaders should fill a room with self-importance and confidence, might actually be wrong. A study from the University of Aveiro in Portugal revealed, humble leaders actually make their teams more creative. The research team found that when team members considered their boss to be a humble leader, they felt psychologically safer. This, in turn, increased their âpsychological capitalâ. These are the feelings of hope, optimism and resilience, which team members need to experience so they can perform at their peak. Data showed that when psycap rises, teams become more creative. âThis capacity is especially relevant for leaders seeking to engender change. Dialectical processes are exemplified in cases such as Apple where leaders have devised a means to replace an existing order with a new oneA major source of contradiction in business is the need for the individual ego to assert itself and for the organization to contain egoism.â So Clegg, Pina e Cunha and Rego, of the University of Aveiro, recommend that for companies to enjoy the success of innovators like Apple, they should first look at their own leadership. By aiming to control personal egos, the study claims that companies stand to achieve a great deal. How to try this with your team If you feel humility is not yet a leadership forte at your company, donât despair. You can turn to your team for help. Ingvar Kamprad, founder of IKEA, draws on employee ideas to remain humble. Whatâs more, Kamprad takes these ideas seriously, no matter where they originate in the corporate organization chart. Kamprad once suggested: âthe work floor is the best universityâ. Heâs also known for telling people he doesnât know everything and âhas many shortcomings.â Whatâs the result? IKEA is booming and Ingvar Kamprad is said to have a net worth of more than $33 billion. Interestingly, Kamprad still flies economy. Successful but still humble. Follow the lead of famously humble IKEA founder, Ingvar Kamprad. Get out there and chat to your team at every level of the company, particularly the levels you wouldnt usually interact with. You never know what ideas they might have stored. 3. Establish Creative Parameters You may well have heard about Roy Baumeisterâs theory of decision fatigue. Baumeisters study found that having too much free-range, and specifically too much choice, leaves people mentally depleted and unable to choose wisely. Testing Baumeisterâs findings, Johnathan Levav found that as decision fatigue begins to set in, people stop making decisions based on quality and instead go for the default option. In other words, Levav found that when provided with too much freedom, people within the study were actually taking the less creative decisions. We can recognize decision fatigue in creative workplaces too. When pushing for creativity, giving employees a completely blank slate, with no constraints, can backfire. Preventing decision fatigue in creative workplaces At FOCUS, we recently sat down with Wouter Zwarekant, Creative Director of the Dutch digital agency, We Brand Creative, to discuss how they successfully manage their creative projects. We Brand Creative handle concepts, strategies, designs and development, and do all of it in-house. As a result, creativity is absolutely central to their workflow. âOur team began small and this was a conscious decision. Weâre a young team working in an informal, creative and open-minded atmosphere.â Wouter explains that the working environment was perfect for creative drive. Team members were able to bounce ideas off of one another and there was never any confusion over task division or deadlines. Wouter could simply lean across the table and ask about a projectâs status. However, as their creative drive and market niche began to pay dividends, this informal working process soon became hectic: âDue to a combination of this relaxed attitude and our steady growth, we gradually lost the ability to keep track of all of our projects.â Setting parameters Wouter decided that in order to meet project deadlines, without crushing team creativity by micro-managing, they needed to set out some basic boundaries within their creative projects: âWe know from experience that creative projects can often overrun so we started looking for a project management solution. MeisterTask allows us to make to-do lists for every project element. All team members are able to view deadlines, set roles and track progression, via the shared project dashboards. With these parameters in place, we became much better placed to stay focused and work towards a great final product.â We Brand Creativeâs efforts have pulled off. The creative agency is thriving, delivering concurrent projects to a high standard, ahead of the deadline and on budget. All while still retaining the secret sauce that got them to where they are today: creativity. To prevent decision fatigue and promote creativity, try using a transparent task management tool. you can keep team members in the loop with project parameters, without crushing creativity by micromanaging. Whether youâre a small company aiming to direct team creativity or a large enterprise looking to shake up structures, there are a few different leadership hacks teams can use to spark new ideas and sustain team creativity long term: Invite employees to experiment with company culture and product development Practice humility as a leader and consult your team Channel creative endeavors with a few parameters So those are our three tips for creative leadership. If you have any tips of your own, comments or questions, as always, reach out in the comments below! Creative team management made simple. pieplassaltmort1987http://www.blogger.com/profile/01464569697913291033noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6570312276478908524.post-41840516988627962822020-06-25T13:23:00.001-07:002020-06-25T13:23:03.182-07:00Wealth effect of International Investment Announcements - Free Essay Example This paper examine on wealth effect of shareholders from the international investment announcements made by Malaysia Multinational Corporations (MNCs) listed at Kuala Lumpur Stock Exchange (KLSE). The project is using quantitative method (standard event-study methodology) and announcements in the year of 2002 are used. The result shows that international investment announcements create positive significant wealth effect for main board firms in KLSE. For second board firms however, the market does not react directly towards the foreign investment announcements. In short, unexpected cross border investment announcements do contain new relevant information and market does react on it. Market saturation theory also suggests that foreign investments may help firm to improve competitiveness and profitability. Besides, the larger capital size of main board firm makes the market to be more confident and optimistic on overseas investments announced by main board firms rather than second board. CHAPTER 1 INTRODUCTION Background of the Study The study focuses on the markets reaction towards international investment announcements made by Multinational Corporations (MNCs) in Malaysia. According to Eun Resnick (2004), a multinational corporation (MNC) is a business organization incorporated in one country but has production and sales operations in at least one foreign country. Similarly, based on Franklin (1973), MNC is a business firm that consists of a parent company that produce and market in foreign countries; with the flow of products, services, capital, technology, management, and funds among them. As shown in many studies, the stock price reactions towards foreign investment announcements in developing market produced uncertain results. Some studies showed positive market reactions towards international investment announcements but some may not. For instance, Lummer and McConnell (1990) proved that US firms foreign joint ventures have a positive return especially when the venture partner is a foreign firm as co ntrasted to a foreign government. Moreover, Ahmad Etebari (1993) stated that joint ventures between US firms and Eastern and Central European Countries yield a positive valuation effect for the participating US firms. Besides, there is a study that showed international acquisition provides abnormal positive returns to target shareholders (Ike Mathur and Nanda Raugan, 1992). However, some studies shows negative market reaction towards the announcements. Thomas H. S. Ghassem H. (1990) indicated that there is a small magnitude of negative stock price reaction to foreign investment announcements. Similarly, Albert C. Alireza T. R. (2000) tested on the wealth effects of international acquisitions using a sample of foreign acquisitions by Dutch firms during the period 1990 to 1996 and found weak evidence on wealth creation of the activities, especially for the acquisitions in the US. There must be some reasons that attract firms to go abroad. Alex O. W. (1982) discussed that the f undamental of international trade is the difference in cost of goods produced in different countries. Different natural resources (such as land and mineral), capital (technology), and labors will have different prices in various countries. Referring to Eun C. S. Resnick B. G. (2004), firms can locate production in any regions in the world to maximize performance and raise funds in market where the cost of capital is the lowest. International investments also enable firms to diversify risks compared to only investing locally. More significantly, based on David Ricardos On the Principles of Political Economy and Taxation which introduced the concept of comparative advantage and this concept further convinced firms to go abroad (Franklin R. R., 1994; Eun C. S. Resnick B. G., 2004; Alex O. W., 1982). According to Ricardo, it is mutually beneficial for firms to produce and specialize in goods that they can produce most efficiently, with the least costs compared to other firms. Then, it is advisable for firms to trade goods among themselves, even if situated in different countries. For example, a firm in France produces wine most efficiently, whereas a firm in England produces textiles with the best efficiently. If they both specialize in their respective products and trade it with each other, the combined production of the two goods will be increased compared to if they choose to produce the products individually. Through international investment, MNCs can achieve economy of scale faster (Eun C. S. Resnick B. G., 2004). First, it can be done by spreading the R D expenditures and advertising costs over the global sales. Besides, firms can also pool their global purchasing power over the suppliers, thus enabling them to purchase raw material at lower prices. Technology can be used with minimal additional costs too. MNCs are also able to get cheaper labor compared with their parent company in certain countries. Nevertheless, there are also some arguments on the negative effects of firms international investments. Madura (2000) discussed that managements might be unfamiliar to foreign cultures when they expand internationally. These culture barriers may offset the gains from the international expansion. Management needs to know and understand foreign cultures, for instance, Germans only discuss business dealings in the meeting room, but never during meals. Furthermore, Jensen (1986) said in his free cash flow theory that managers may sometimes be involved in over-investing in some unprofitable foreign ventures in order to expand firms empire and obtain prestige. The investments will eventually shrink the value of the parent companies. In addition, MNCs are exposed to foreign exchange risk that they would not encounter in purely domestic transactions (Eun C. S. Resnick B. G., 2004). For example in December 1994, the Mexico peso depreciates drastically against US dollar. Consequently, the price of US imported goods will increase in Mexico as it needs more pesos to buy $1 US dollar. Similarly for Asian currency crisis 1997, if a US firm with major export market like Indonesia, Malaysia, or Thailand, the same difficult situation will occur. Another drawback from international investment is the political risk involved (Eun C. S. Resnick B. G., 2004). The risk arises from the changes in tax rules or inconsistency in policy implementations by foreign governments. For illustration, in 1992 Enron Development Corporation spent nearly $300 million on the project to build a largest power plant in India. However, it was then cancelled in 1995 by the politicians. This showed how difficult it is to maintain contracts and investments in foreign countries under the influence of politics. Malaysians MNCs Performance There are three forms of foreign investments: acquisitions and joint venture with existing companies in foreign countries, and opening new subsidiaries in foreign countries (Madura, 2000). To study the market reaction of Malaysians MNCS on international investment, this study focuses on Kuala Lumpur Stock Exchange (KLSE), one of the fastest developing and largest rising securities market in the Asia Pacific rim (Annuar and Shamsher, 1992). A survey has been conducted by Bala (1999) on 436 firms (as at October 1997) listed on KLSE to recognize MNCs originating from Malaysia. Eventually, he discovered 207 firms are actively involved in international investments. Appendix A shows spread of Malaysian MNCs Foreign Investments according to Region. Despite the negative effects on foreign investments discussed, Malaysian MNCs spread all over the world; carrying out international trades in countries such as United States, Europe, Australia and so on. From Bala (1999) survey, 17 firms are discovered to have more than 20 ongoing international investments overseas. Also, from appendix A, we discovered that North East Asia and the ASEAN countries received the most of Malaysians investments. The technology advancement of Malaysia had somehow deterred Malaysia firms from undertaking into western countries and competing with the firms with much sophisticated technologies in those countries (Lall, 1986). According to Bala (1999), Sime Darby has the most number of foreign investments, which are 110 foreign activities in 19 countries. The second place goes to Amsteel with 70 ongoing foreign investments, and thirdly is MBF Holding with 60 such activities. The number of MNCs in Malaysia has increased over the year, according to Annuar et. al (1996). In fact, any information about the investments overseas is publicized according to the KLSE listing requirement. Thus, the foreign investment news is relevant to the reactions on these announcements in Malaysian MNCs. A s shown by David and Qian (1997), firms anticipate positive returns on the foreign investments or else they will not involve in the activities. Therefore if the previous performance of Malaysia MNCs on investments overseas is good, it will encourage more of such investments. Moreover, if the stock price shows positive returns during the particular announcements dates, it directly means a positive reaction from the market. It also presented a good performance of Malaysias MNCs on such investments. A successful international investment will also increase firms profit; and thus generate wealth to the shareholders. Problem Statement The study focuses on the Malaysia Multinational Corporations (MNCs) listed at KLSE. Previous researches showed that International investments announcements by MNCs are significance to the market, some showed positive and some showed negative market reaction. There must be reasons for firms to invest overseas. If foreign investments do not produce preferable results for the company, there is no point for firms to go abroad. This paper will focus on determining the wealth effects on international investments announcements by Malaysia MNCs. Also, the capital size of MNCS (whether main or second board) will be investigated in the effectiveness to produce market reaction on their foreign investment announcements. Objectives of the Study This study is to determine the wealth effects of foreign investment announcements in developing market. Research Questions What are the wealth effects of foreign investment announcements in developing market? CHAPTER 2 LITERATURE REVIEW 2.1 Foreign Direct Investment (FDI) FDI is the investment that gives investor a controlling interest in foreign company and any way of increasing international business that requires a direct investment in foreign operations (Daniels, Radebaugh and Sullivan, 2007). Here, Madura (2006) states those foreign direct investors are not hoping to gain profit from foreign investments, but also consider expanding their businesses in foreign country and the exchange of operation and management skills. McManus (1975) however, finds FDI is possibly in industries with considerable interdependence among producers across nations to lessen transactions costs and to assure the internalization of the net ownership rents. According to Edward R. B. et. al. (1997), entry transactions are classified into three modes that we define as mergers and acquisitions, joint ventures, or subsidiary investments and plant expansions. However, Beamish Banks (1987) and Tang Yu (1990) state that traditional entry mode usually is on wholly owned subs idiaries. Besides, joint ventures may sometimes be preferred over wholly owned subsidiaries because the costs are much more easily controlled. According to Gomes-Casseres, B. (1990) on the other hand, firms entering foreign markets for productions prefer structures that minimize transaction costs of doing business. In contrast, actual ownership structures that arise ex post depend on the bargaining power of the entering firm relative to other existing firms and governments. Bhaumik and Gelb (2004) explain some advantages that MNCs will get from overseas acquisition. First, MNCs can reduce or eliminate the cost of gathering resources together to build a firm. Moreover, MNCs can gain knowledge about the local markets and institutions and the business relationships. Furthermore, it facilitates MNCs to keep their own management and operation skills and the control of their existing technology. Acquisitions also cause MNCs to bear the cost of integrating the production structure, orga nizational structure and corporate culture of the acquired firm into its own. Joint venture however, is pooling of assets in a common and separate organization by two or more firms who share common ownership and control over the use and returns of these assets (Kogut and Singh, 1988). In this entry mode, two parties agree to contribute their equity to form a new entity and undertake the economic activity together. Revenues, expenses and the control of the enterprise will be shared from business. 2.2 Factors of FDI Considerations Edward R. B. et. al., (1997) states some of the factors for foreign investments to occur. One of them is government nonmarket incentives that twist the normal functioning of local supply and demand patterns. Besides, non-governmental imperfections and situational factors also impact upon foreign firm entry decisions. Informational and distribution inefficient markets that fail to perform proper signaling and rationing functions and leading to foreign capital entry and exit behaviors also contribute to FDI activities. Bany and Fauzias (2006) however, urge that market reaction is different for developed and developing countries. It is because developed countries have higher skills of management and technology and stable economical and political conditions. Developing countries on the other hand, always refers to a country with lower capital, possesses lower technology level and lower standard of living. It becomes a competitive advantage for Malaysia MNCs to invest in developing c ountries due to the lower technology skills of the local companies. The business culture in developing countries is also similar to Malaysia, thus it is easier for Malaysia MNCs to compete successfully with local firms. It is statistically proved that the significant result on FDI announcements is only because of the technology advantage of Malaysia MNCs (Bany and Fauzias, 2006). It is also found that for international JV, the wealth gains are found to be influenced by the size of the firms; the smaller the firms, the higher the gains. Besides, industrial sector of the firm also affects wealth on international JV. In addition, unincorporated JV is also believed to provide higher gains on investments (Janakiramanan, Lamba Seneviratne, 2005). Nevertheless, there are risks to be considered before firms opt for FDI. Country risk is one of the considerations (Madura, 2006). There are two main country risks: political and financial risk. Political risk includes attitude of customer s in the host country, actions of host government, blockage of fund transfer, currency inconvertibility, war, bureaucracy, and corruption. Financial risk however, is the current and potential state of the countrys economy; for example interest rate, exchange rate, and inflation rate. Another type of problem is related to agencies, also called as dissemination risk; which is the main problem for international joint venture. Dissemination risk refers to the extent to which a firms intangible assets like marketing and production technology are likely to be mimicked by competitors (Edward R. B. et. al., 1997). In the context, JV can lead to a transfer of the intangible asset or technology owned by the MNC to the local partner, whether accidentally or intentionally (Bhaumik and Gelb, 2004). Always, acquisition and JV allow access to the firm-specific like assets in the host countries (Duarte Canal, 2002). Under this condition, the agency problem will occur and the relationship betwee n partners will dissolute within a relatively short period of time (Sinha, 2001). If dissemination risks are large, entering firms will choose to purchase wholly-owned subsidiaries, expand existing capacity, or acquire assets of local entities rather than contracting through joint ventures or licensing arrangements (Edward R. B. et. al., 1997). 2.3 The Wealth Effect of FDI Announcements There are various researches and studies on market reactions based on different announcements. For example Masulis (1980), Ball Brown and Finn (1977) on capital structure changes; Bradley, Desai and Kim (1988) on merger and acquisitions; Scholes (1972) on common stocks right issues; and Chan, Gau and Wang (1995) on business relocation. This paper will focus on the wealth effect of international investments announcements. Similarly in terms of technique, Annuar and Shamsher (1992, 1993) analyze the effects of stock splits and rights issues announcements on share prices in Malaysia. As a result, these announcements create reactions in the market and produce positive abnormal return to the investors. Thus, it is believed that foreign investment announcements are alike to those announcements and they will create market reactions. The market price should change upon the release of such information. In Malaysia, Bany and Fauzias (2006) proved that market react positively and significa nt to the shareholders on the foreign investment announcements. In US, Etabari (1993) prove that the reaction of US stock price towards 25 international joint ventures announcements between US firms and firms in Eastern and Central European countries reacted positively towards the announcements. Moreover, McConnell and Nantell (1985), Mohanram Nanda (1998), and Johnson Houston (1999) also show that stock price of US firms reacted positively towards the international JV announcements. Next, Lummer and McConnell (1990) verify that foreign joint ventures for US firms produce positive return as the joint ventures are viewed from value enhancement. It was also discovered that the stock price reacted positively significantly, especially when the venture partner is a foreign firm, as opposed to a foreign government. In addition, Cructchley, Guo, and Hansen (1991) find out that both the Japanese and the US market produce positive reaction when there is international cooperation anno uncement between firms from these two countries. Doukas and Travlos (1988) discover that US MNCs gain the most when they announce acquisitions in less developed countries. It is also verified that multinationals not already operating in the targets country benefit from their announcement acquisitions. Next in Australia, Janakiramanan, Lamba Seneviratne (2005) provided evidence that domestic and international JV in Australia brings positive abnormal return over a two-day announcement period. In India however, FDI announcements will bring significant positive impact to Indian MNCs in the short period. In the longer period, negative abnormal return will occur to both Indian Chinese MNCs, and it was statistically insignificant to Indian acquirers but statistically significant to Chinese acquirers (Cheng, Wickramanayake Sagaram, 2003). Shapiro (1996) explains that firms will gain from these international investments activities when countries are less than perfectly correlated. T his enables firms to reduce the variability of their earnings provided they have their investments in multiple countries. Additionally, firms will be able to increase market share by expanding internationally. Firms can achieve economies of scale faster by having bigger market. It is said that such investment announcements will result in higher stock returns as it could improve firms profitability. Anyway, there are studies showed some negative reactions on international investment announcements. Malhorta and Zhu (2006) attest that international acquisition announcements made by Indian firms create significant positive short-term, yet negative impact on shareholders wealth. In US, Markides and Ittner (1990) discover that investors reaction to US firms foreign ventures with foreign firms in Canada and the UK is negative and only joint ventures with firms in Continental Europe create positive wealth effect. Besides, Gleason Mathur (1998) conclude that shareholders of US banks expe rience significant negative excess returns when banks make international acquisition announcement, especially in developed countries. In Europe moreover, Fatemi and Furtada (1988) show that Germans foreign investments announcements are taken unfavorably by the market. In Korea, Kim (2003) sums that the FDI made by Korean MNCs in developed countries may not possess competitive advantages over local competitors. Firms are more likely to gain from FDI in developing countries than in advanced economies. Therefore Korean MNCs announcement effects of FDI in advanced countries are not statistically significant, while the announcement effects in developing countries are positive and statistically significant. Then, Feils Sahoo (2000) stress that local acquisitions will only bring negative wealth effect to the shareholders, but give positive wealth effect in international acquisitions. Moeller, Schlingemann Stulz (2002) however, discover that small firms are significantly better than large firms when they make acquisition announcements. Abnormal return associated with acquisition announcements for small firms exceed the abnormal return associated with acquisition announcements for large firms. In the free cash flow theory of Jensen (1986), manager may sometimes over-invest in some unprofitable projects that will eventually diminish the value of parent firms on such foreign investments. In addition, Madura (2000) suggests that when firms expand beyond their national borders, unfamiliarity to operate within a new set of national and corporate cultures create barriers that may offset the gain a firm might obtain from international expansion. 2.4 Testable Hypothesis From the above literature reviews, it is clear that different studies pointed out different views of FDI. In this paper however, the following hypothesis is constructed: H0: There is no significant result on wealth effect of international investment announcements. H1: There is significant result on wealth effect of international investment announcements. A successful FDI will increase the firms profits and shareholders wealth. Thus in this paper, the wealth effect of international investments announcements will be tested for the purpose. CHAPTER 3 RESEARCH METHODOLOGY The research method follows specifically with the literature review. Firstly, information and journals related are obtained using available sources like the library and internet. Then, data is collected from sample. Finally, data is analyzed and determinants are developed. 3.1 Literature Review Plenty of previous researches study on the impacts of foreign investment announcements on stock returns. It is assumed that market capital is sufficient and thus the price of securities is implicit and instantly adjusted to the public release of new information. Therefore, it is worthy to look into the wealth effect of international investment announcements for which the importance have been described in previous chapters. 3.2 Research Approach Deductive approach is performed in the research. First and foremost, hypothesis was developed. Then, a research strategy was designed to test the hypothesis. In this case, historical data will be used to test the particular hypothesis. 3.3 Research Method The research is carried out using quantitative method. Secondary data is used, which are share prices in Kuala Lumpur Stock Exchange (KLSE). The data is showed in quantitative form for the purpose of the study. The result calculated is used to determine the wealth effect of foreign direct investment announcements. 3.4 Data Collection and Sampling Stock prices of all MNCs are collected from KLSE. In the context, prices during the period of foreign investment announcements made are used for the purpose. Targeted period of the stock prices is 15 days before and after the announcements, which is 31 days all together. Historical two years of daily stock prices before 15 days of announcements also required for calculation of beta and alpha. Data needed is from 1999 to 2003 as the sample MNCs are from the year 2002. 3.5 Data Calculation The standard event-study methodology is used in this research to assess the impact of foreign investment announcements. The method is based on market model describe by Fama (1976). It is predicted in the model that a firms normal or expected return given the market return and the firm historical relationship to the market. For each firm, the following model is estimated: E= + + Where : E = Expected return on the security of firm I at time t; = return on the market portfolio at time t, proxied by the return on the KLCI and = parameters of the relationship between the return on the individual security and that of the market = residual of the relationship at time t The parameter alpha () and beta () are estimated for each security i over the period of two years prior to the announcement of the foreign investments. These parameters are then used to calculate the expected returns over the test period. The difference between the actual returns () and the exp ected returns for each day and for each firm are called abnormal returns ( ) and are calculated as follows: = ( + ) Here and are the estimated parameters a and b of firm i. The abnormal returns (AR) of each company stock are determined over the event period of 31 days (t = -15 to t = +15). On average, the expected abnormal returns are zero if announcements of direct foreign investments have no impact on stock prices. Besides, all of the firms abnormal return observations are cumulated to draw overall inferences for the event of interest. Average effects of the announcement are examined rather than study each firm separately, as other events are occurring and averaging across all firms should minimize the effect of these other events (Haugen 2001). For sample of N firms, a daily average abnormal return (AR) for each day t is obtained: = Then, to find out if there is an impact of foreign investment announcements on stock returns, which will produce a significant average daily abnormal return, the student t test statistic on any day t in the event window for all n stocks is created. t-statistic = ARt / Ãâà Ãâà ³ARt Where: Ãâà Ãâà ³Art = standard deviation of average abnormal return over the event period of ( t = -15 to t =+15) The expected returns and abnormal returns once the foreign investments announcements are made could be found by using these formulas. The daily average abnormal returns for all the sample stocks surrounding the announcements date should be statistically significant if there is an impact on the announcements. Significant figure on the t-statistic implies foreign investments announcements create market reaction, either positive or negative. CHAPTER 4 RESULTS AND FINDINGS 4.1 Overall Samples Table 4.1 and 4.2 show the average daily abnormal returns and the t-statistic value of the total of 39 samples of foreign investment announcements for the period -5 to +5 days. The data is separated into two main categories: main board (Table4.1) and second board (Table 4.2) in Kuala Lumpur Stock Exchange (KLSE). In table 4.1, the average daily abnormal returns on the announcement date is -0.00611 with t-value of -0.9957. Although it shows negative AAR; however, t-statistic value shows insignificant result of international investment announcements. Therefore, there is no significant result on wealth effect of international investments announcements for main board firms. Similarly for second board firms, there is no significant result due to t-value of 1.2448 on the declaration day; although the AAR shows positive returns of 0.015827. Nevertheless, the t-value is significant for main board firms one day before the announcements, which is 2.31657 (5% significant). It shows posi tive significant result (AAR = 0.01422) for main board firm on FDI announcements one day before the declarations. Table 4.3 and 4.4 show cumulative average daily abnormal returns and the t-statistic value of the total of 39 samples of foreign investment announcements for the period -5 to +5 days, for main and second board in KLSE. On the announcement date, table 4.3 shows positive significant result of 10% (t-value = 1.89556, CAR = 0.00994) on the announcement date of the foreign investments announcements by main board. Also, it shows 1% significant positive reactions one day before and after the announcement date, where t-value day-1 = 3.06119 (CAR = 0.01605), and t-value day+1 = 3.2631(CAR = 0.01711). Here, it is clear that international investment announcements create wealth for shareholders in main board firms as the capital size is larger compared with second board firms in KLSE. Next, according to table 4.4, there is positive result on second board firms of international investment announcements, with CAR of 0.06207 on the announcement date. However, the result is not significant as the t-value is only 1.118655 on the declaration day. In short, based on the results shown, international investment announcements create positive significant wealth effect for main board firms in KLSE. For second board firms however, the market does not react directly towards the foreign investment announcements. Table 4.1: Abnormal Returns for Main Board Firms around the Announcement Period Day Average AAR(MB) t-statistic -5 0.00430206 0.700734111 -4 0.000349879 0.056989531 -3 -0.004640331 -0.755832834 -2 -0.000652968 -0.106357667 -1 0.014222296 **2.316575605 0 -0.006113253 -0.99574731 1 0.007172176 1.168228197 2 -0.010167319 -1.656087215 3 -0.004847547 -0.789584843 4 0.001572231 0.256090239 5 0.005137838 0.836868386 Table 4.2: Abnormal Returns for Second Board Firms around the Announcement Period Day Average AAR(SB) t-statistic -5 -0.002991129 -0.235249704 -4 0.009798002 0.770604441 -3 0.015774312 1.240636036 -2 -0.011074279 -0.870982463 -1 -0.011236461 -0.883737983 0 0.015827438 1.244814334 1 -0.004076424 -0.320607209 2 0.006470196 0.508875316 3 -0.006550335 -0.51517817 4 -0.006590779 -0.518359104 5 -0.01347014 -1.059414881 Table 4.3: Cumulative Abnormal Returns for Main Board Firms around the Announcement Period Day Average CAR(MB) t-statistic -5 0.006775798 1.291961568 -4 0.007125678 1.358674105 -3 0.002485346 0.473888332 -2 0.001832378 0.349384942 -1 0.016054674 ***3.061192428 0 0.009941421 *1.895560275 1 0.017113597 ***3.263100347 2 0.006946278 1.324467437 3 0.002098731 0.400171211 4 0.003670961 0.699953107 5 0.008808799 1.679599939 Table 4.4: Cumulative Abnormal Returns for Second Board Firms around the Announcement Period Day Average CAR(SB) t-statistic -5 -0.044180765 -0.796216099 -4 0.059356685 1.069713206 -3 -0.027703464 -0.499265768 -2 0.056520099 1.018592874 -1 -0.044377754 -0.799766181 0 0.062072397 1.118655164 1 -0.033324767 -0.60057166 2 0.088021262 1.586299954 3 -0.04795838 -0.864295447 4 0.07506993 1.352893868 5 -0.068604031 -1.236366844 * Significant at 10% ** Significant at 5% *** Significant at 1% CHAPTER 5 DISCUSSIONS AND CONCLUSION 5.1 Discussions This research focuses on the analysis of wealth effect of international investment announcements in developing countries, specifically Malaysia. As the result shown, the abnormal return of main board securities shows significant positive result surrounding the announcement period. The result is consistent with the research done by Bany and Fauzias (2006) which proved that the abnormal return of the securities are significantly positive around the declaration date. It implies that the unexpected cross border investment announcements do contain new relevant information and market does react on it. Also, investors generally respond favorably to the foreign investment efforts of Malaysia firms listed at KLSE. This result is also consistent with Etabari (1993), Crutchchley et. al (1991), and Lummer and McConnell (1990). As the market responds positively towards Malaysia main board MNCs foreign investment announcements, there must be reasons for this phenomenon. One of the reasons is according to a report presented by David Qian (1997), which studied on Singapores multinational investments. David Qian (1997) say that Singapore is a small open economy, where the market becomes saturated as the economy matures. Competition among firms will be intensified and thus firms will go abroad to search for new market and opportunities in order to maintain competitiveness. Bala (1998) also suggests that market saturation will become predictable when industries slowly approaching the maturity stage. Thus, firms strategy to invest overseas seems appropriate as it may help firm to improve competitiveness and profitability. Investors therefore, will predict positive sign on this type of announcements. Another point is regarding the investors perception on the ability of firms to perform in foreign investments. As main board is always meant for more established companies and second board for relatively smaller companies; investors perceive main board firms to have higher ab ility in handling overseas investments. As stated in Annual PNS Entrepreneurs Gathering PWTC (2001), one of the quantitative requirements of main board firms is an uninterrupted profit record of 3 or 5 years RM30 million aggregate profit after tax; but only an uninterrupted profit record of 3 or 5 years RM12 million aggregate profit after tax for second board. Here, the larger capital size of main board firms makes the market to be more confident and optimistic on overseas investments announced by main board firms rather than second board. Investors anticipate the share price to have positive respond around the declaration and thus they will act based on their expectation. Similarly, the result shows that there is no significant wealth effect on second board international investment announcements. It implies that there is no market reaction due to the announcements of second board firms investments overseas. Market thinks that there will be no positive or negative effect on inter national investments by second board firms. Thus, they will do nothing on the announcements. Moreover, it also implies that there is no new information contained in the announcements. The trend may be explained by Madura (2000) that when firms expand beyond their national borders, unfamiliarity to operate within a new set of national and corporate cultures create barriers that may offset the gain a firm might obtain from international expansion. Investors perceive that to invest for such announcements are risky. 5.2 Conclusion This study is to determine the wealth effect of international investment announcements in developing market. The market reaction followed by international investment announcements made was tested using the historical share price from KLSE (1999-2003). The result shows that there is positive significant result of main board firms foreign investment announcements, with a significant level of 10% on the announcement day. However, there is no significant effect on the shareholders wealth for second board firms announcements. The result is consistent with the hypothesis proposed, where there is significant result on wealth effect of international investment announcements. H0 is rejected and H1 is accepted. In short, Malaysian MNCs international investment announcements create shareholders wealth confirming the findings of Bany and Fauzias (2006). Anyway, it is only true for main board firms but not the second board. 5.3 Recommendations In general, this study enhances the literature of market reaction on Malaysia stock market by examining on the foreign investment announcements. Also, this paper verifies previous foreign investment studies, which have found that such firms cross border investments create favorable wealth effects. In fact, this study generates plenty of interesting issues to be addressed in the future. Firstly, this study can be extended to examine the abnormal return based on the level of development of the target country. For example, Ueng et. al. (2000), Doukas Travlos (1988), and Bany Fauzias (2006) proved that the foreign investments in developed countries generate higher positive returns for their shareholder than those investments into developing countries. Furthermore, a study can also be conducted to examine if the abnormal return formed based on the announcements by Malaysia MNCs which may be related to the relative strength of Malaysia currency (RM). Model study included Mathur, Rangan, Chachi, and Sundaram (1994) which find that a decline in the value of the US dollar is associated with more favorable abnormal returns to foreign investors to pursue US investments. The decline in US dollar lowers the cost of investments to foreign investors, and therefore the foreign investments is perceived to be positive as lower cost guarantees higher returns. The same theory can be applied to Malaysia, where a relatively stronger currency of RM compared with other country enables local investors to gain more and vice versa. Next, a study to determine the preferable mode of entry of international investments (Joint Venture, acquisition, or Greenfield) can be constructed. There are a number of studies focus on a particular mode of entry, like Etabari (1993), McConnell and Nantell (1985), Mohanram Nanda (1998), and Lummer and McConnell (1990) verify a positive significant result on the abnormal return based on international Joint Venture investments. There are few rese arches that look into the most preferred mode of entry for direct foreign investments. Therefore, this kind of study will help international investors to figure out the most beneficial mode of overseas investments. pieplassaltmort1987http://www.blogger.com/profile/01464569697913291033noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6570312276478908524.post-43205752120016842612020-05-23T08:07:00.001-07:002020-05-23T08:07:04.119-07:00Essay Value Chain Management - Crocs Case Study - 1257 Words Crocs splashed onto the scene in 2002 with brightly colored plastic shoes that the whole family could wear. From preschoolers to doctors, these shoes appealed to a vast array of consumers. The reason for Crocsââ¬â¢ success can be attributed to their value chain development. Value chains exist to enhance value created at every step of the manufacturing process, from raw materials to final product disposal or reuse (ââ¬Å"Value Chain,â⬠n.d.). The sequence of this chain gives the customer high value for a low cost. Customers ultimately have the power in the value chain (Robbins Coulter, 2009). While Crocsââ¬â¢ use of the value chain allowed them to create a valuable product and enhance their already valuable product there are aspects of their valueâ⬠¦show more contentâ⬠¦However, Crocs revolutionized the traditional shoe market by satisfying their customerââ¬â¢s demand within the same season as they were able to manufacture more shoes as needed (Hoyt Silverman, 2008). Finally, Crocs saw the value chain through to the end stage by offering their customers a way of giving back by working with a company called Soles4Soles (ââ¬Å"Donate Your Crocs,â⬠2010). Their partnership with this company allows customers to donate their gently used shoes to the less fortunate. Additional value was added to their value chain by increasing variety of the product, improving procurement strategies and minimizing time the product spends in transit, all while sustaining competitive advantage (ââ¬Å"Value Chain,â⬠2010). Crocs went public in 2006 and reported $847 million in revenues in 2007 (von Briesen, 2009). Whether you loved them or hated them, almost everyone knew what they were and where to get them. Crocs used their product visibility to their advantage. A few years after their initial debut, they began making different styles of shoes and various accessories. Crocs shoe line expanded into the production of fashion shoes for all ages and gen ders, a professional line for those who were on their feet all day and a line for those with medical problems affecting the feet (Hoyt Silverman, 2008). This expansion satisfied their current customer base by applying variety to their original concept and increased theirShow MoreRelatedEssay about Value Chain at Crocs, Inc.977 Words à |à 4 PagesThe first impression one might have about Crocs products are that they are basically plastic looking shoes that are comfortable and readily available. Customers familiar with this product boast, like on the company website, about the companyââ¬â¢s proprietary closed-cell resin, Crosliteâ⠢, a technology that gives each pair of shoes the soft, comfortable, lightweight, non-marking and odor-resistant qualities(Company.crocs.com, 2011). There are also various comments about how the material does notRead MoreCrocs Case Study1443 Words à |à 6 PagesCrocs made a splash in 2003 when they introduced their funny looking, brightly colo red, plastic clogs that the whole family could wear (Hoyt Silverman, 2008). By 2007, the company reported $847 million in revenues (von Briesen, 2009). From preschoolers to doctors, these shoes appealed to a vast array of consumers. The reason for Crocsââ¬â¢ success over the past few years can be attributed to their value chain strategy in which customers ultimately had the power (Robbins Coulter, 2009). Value chainsRead MoreEssay about Crocs Case Study1385 Words à |à 6 Pagesmarket was valued at $196.6 billion and projects that figure to grow to 232.1 billion by 2013. How can firms such as CROCS or ECCO succeed in this global market? Datamonitor points out that this industry is highly competitive and that rivalry between firms is strong. A key success factor for the footwear industry is the successful development and management of a profitable supply chain. Different firms take different approaches to this issue. Neilsen points out that several large players such asRead MoreCrocs Shoes Itself in Global Supply Chain2868 Words à |à 12 PagesBy: Hanan Alzayied KMBS student-Kuwait-July2012 Crocs Shoes itself in Global Supply Chain Abstract: Crocs, Inc. is a U.S. based shoe designer, manufacturer, and retailer that launched its business in 2002 selling Crocsâ⠢ brand casual plastic clogs with straps in a variety of solid, bright colors, Crocsâ⠢ introduced an innovative shoe made of a revolutionary material called Crosliteâ⠢ technology which held unique characteristics that allowed it to perform on both land and in water. TheRead MoreSupply Chain for Competitive Advantage5791 Words à |à 24 PagesCROCS: REVOLUTIONIZING AN INDUSTRYââ¬â¢S SUPPLY CHAIN FOR COMPETITIVE ADVANTAGE BHOOSHAN PARIKH CBS FTMBA 2008-09 OPERATIONS MANAGEMENT TERM PAPER 3/16/2009 Case Study This paper analyses and discusses the supply chain process of Crocs Inc. in a competitive and dynamic footwear industry. The paper critically evaluates the existing supply chain of the company against its current performance and changing market conditions and explains reasons for loss of competitive advantage of the companyRead MoreCrocs: A Value Chain of Success Essay1818 Words à |à 8 Pageswhile understanding the business core competencies is just one way operations management ensures a competitive and differentiation advantage. Since Henry Fordââ¬â¢s innovative processes, many business strategy models have been designed to give customers more value with their purchases of goods or services. The value chain is the latest proven strategy model which consists of a sequence of activities that create and build value while improving an organizations positioning against its competitors (RobbinsRead MoreOverview of the Blue Ocean Strategy3665 Words à |à 15 Pagesï » ¿Blue Ocean Strategy Executive Summary These days all major global organizations are focusing towards the latest concept of Strategic Management, The Blue Ocean Strategy. This concept, which seems new, is actually hundreds of years old. It gives the idea of creating Blue Oceans by building a new market space and making the competition irrelevant. This paper will discuss in detail the concept of Blue Ocean Strategy, its evolution, principles and its practical application in the real world. TableRead MoreAmerican Tool Works2448 Words à |à 10 PagesVILLANOVA UNIVERSITY VILLANOVA SCHOOL OF BUSINESS FTE MBA Program CMB 8050 - 001: VIRTUAL SUPPLY CHAIN MANAGEMENT Spring 2010 Dr. Matthew J. Liberatore Phone No.: (610) 519-4390 Office: 3072 Bartley Hall Fax No.: (610) 519- 6566 E-mail address: matthew.liberatore@villanova.edu Class web site: http://www.homepage.villanova.edu/matthew.liberatore/CMB8050 Class schedule: Thursdays 6:00 p.m. ââ¬â 9:30 p.m. Office hours: Tuesdays and Thursdays 11:00 a.m. ââ¬â 12:00 p.m., Thursday 5:30 p.m. ââ¬âRead MoreMcdonalds Value Chain Analysis5751 Words à |à 24 Pages2010 Management Information System: McDonaldââ¬â¢s case study Idris Sugiarto (21671532) McDonaldââ¬â¢s is no doubt the worldââ¬â¢s most powerful brand in quick service restaurant industry in terms of market share and brand value. Committed in quality, service, cleanliness, and value, McDonaldââ¬â¢s must deliver its product to consumers with consistency and efficiency. This report will explore how McDonaldââ¬â¢s corporation maintains its operational excellence through support from integration of sophisticated technologiesRead MoreBlue Ocean Strategy4144 Words à |à 17 PagesBusiness Model 13 Most Effective Strategy 14 Recommendations 15 Conclusion 15 References 17 Appendices 20 Introduction Corporate Strategy is an important part of the theory and practice of management. For top management, strategy is what a map or a compass is to a sailor on a ship; it is a map for navigating the corporate ship towards its desired goal (Srinivasan, 2009). Strategies are a reality of any business model whether a manufacturer pieplassaltmort1987http://www.blogger.com/profile/01464569697913291033noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6570312276478908524.post-65644630548964664022020-05-18T19:18:00.001-07:002020-05-18T19:18:09.302-07:00It Feels Miserable Without Youââ¬Â¦Almost Like Having You Here Satire. A trend of the ancient times, following America like a lost a puppy. But where did it come from? Why did it get started? To answer these questions take a look at satirical historians. They believe the starting point of satire most likely goes back to many ancient ethnic groups who used it in rituals. The people believed that their words were just as powerful as their swords, making satire a thing to be feared. In fact, satire was so extremely feared among the ethnic groups and the people that if someone was found using it, they would be put to death by fire (Roman). Among those who have strong influences, Jonathan Swift wrote a wonderful explanation of satire in his preface to The Battle of the Books. He describes satire as a typeâ⬠¦show more contentâ⬠¦Swiftââ¬â¢s use of a parodyââ¬âthat the Irish should eat their babiesââ¬âis imitating the intelligence level of some people who think their ideas are so marvelous, when it is really a terrible suggestion (Swi ft). Another parody is found in A Modest Proposal as Swift explains his final statement. He claims ââ¬Å". . . [I] have nothing to gain economically from this proposal . . . ââ¬Å"This is a parody because it imitates the usual objections of people who claim to be unselfish in their proposals (Swift). A reversal is a major technique used in the film Tangled. As Princess Rapunzel uses her unnaturally long hair to bring up her pretend mother from the tower, it is incredible how far the beautiful golden hair can reach. However, the fact that Rapunzel has to take care of her mother is simply not natural. Although every mom wants to feel beautiful and accepted by society, her main concern should be making sure her daughter feels beautiful and accepted. Many people have the capabilities to stun the rest of the world, but it is just not a natural thing for a teenage daughter to be taking care of her mother and making her feel young and wanted. This, above all, is truly daffy and out of pr oportion. The picture to the left is a very strong form of satire. There are a few types of satire it could fall under, but it is typically that of a parody. While most people haveShow MoreRelatedWhat Is a Healthy Relationship?866 Words à |à 3 Pagesobjectiveness is almost not possible. Concerning relationships there are so many myths that are simply far from having a good and healthy relationship. Good and healthy relationships feel good. Feel right. They are free of fear and full of devotion, emotional support, space and mutual respect. They are not just a condition. Itââ¬â¢s a process. Itââ¬â¢s journey of bouilding up and creating a bond. A journey where we long for being one but still being what we are. Are you looking for the one or you just havenââ¬â¢tRead MoreWhite Collar Blues By Benedict Jonas1245 Words à |à 5 Pagesthat aspire to careers that do not suit their talents. As a result, numerous Americans are unsatisfied with their jobs and are miserable. In order to be content people get plastic surgery or exercise, not for themselves, but so that others can take notice. In fact, we are so caught up in the lives of public figures that when something favorable happens to them we also feel elated. The situation has gotten so awful that we seek other ways and people to make ourselves cheerful, instead of obtainingRead MoreThe Things They Carried Book Analysis2010 Words à |à 9 Pagesrealize every man that was drafted, left something extremely dear and personal back home. Everyday these men would realize that. Itââ¬â¢s about having the courage to let go and move forward. Passage: ââ¬Å"They moved like mules. By daylight they took sniper fire, at night they were mortared but it was not a battle, it was just the endless march, village to village, without purpose, nothing won or lost. They marched for the sake of the march.â⬠P.14 Small Meaning: This quote talks about how long and far the soldiersRead More Bertha must be kept silent Essay1016 Words à |à 5 Pagesrevolutionary text because of its ââ¬â and its author ââ¬â social and political position. Jane Eyre is a young woman, orphan and low born, who fights for emancipation and liberty. She wants to lead her life independently without any external control. As a little girl, she was the incarnation of rebellion. Having been adopted by the Reed family and being treated unfairly, the prospect of a happy life was particularly little. Later on, as a pupil at Lowood she was characterized as disobedient, servant of Evil and liarRead MoreCan You Think of Any Facet of Life that Doesnt Encompass Competition1246 Words à |à 5 PagesLetââ¬â¢s start off with a challenge: Can you think of any facet of life that doesnââ¬â¢t encompass competition? Competition is, quite literally, the basis of why weââ¬â¢re here. Competition is the survival of the fittest. Itââ¬â¢s the whole point of Darwinââ¬â¢s evolution theory. Itââ¬â¢s why youââ¬â¢re reading this - right here, right now. Competition is precisely why we exist - fetation, after all, results from the strongest male gamete fusing with the ovum. It has only become more apparent just how much competition moldsRead MoreLooking Around A Room, Any Room Really, Apart From Perhaps1404 Words à |à 6 Pagesservice, you are likely to see some, if not most of the people in that room on their phones. I am not excluded from those people. I am perpetually on my phone, whether it is to text my boss, call my mother, or see what that acquaintance from that one class I took one year in high school is posting on their Instagram or Snapchat for the fourth time today. My phone is an essential part of most parts of my life. From work, to having something to look at while Iââ¬â¢m bored, or procrastinating, I almost alwaysRead MoreFeminist Criticism Of Susan Glaspell s Trifles 1512 Words à |à 7 Pagesthe females capability to stand up for one another. Gender issues play a role in everyday society, oppressing women economically, politically, socially, and psychologically. Glaspell tries to even explain through the title the feminism analy st as you read through her drama. As common as it is for a title of a story reflects the moral of the story, thatââ¬â¢s what Gaspell did for ââ¬Å"Triflesâ⬠. Trifles meaning very little value, or irrelevant becomes the moral of the playing displaying the womenââ¬â¢s purposeRead MoreThe Bluest Eye By Toni Morrison Essay1456 Words à |à 6 Pagesdifferent in their meanings. In The Bluest Eye by Toni Morrison, houses and homes are depicted very neatly and compared with one another, as the residents of those. Even though everything origins around Breedlovesââ¬â¢ family and shown through their lives, almost all of the characters are preoccupied with defining their social class status in Midwestern society during the Great Depression. There is an evident desire to escape poverty and the limiting circumstances of the time and their social classes; representedRead MoreA Comparison of Wilfred Owens Disabled and Exposure Essay1498 Words à |à 6 Pagesand the effects on the mind. Owen talks about World War 1 and how it can affect different people in different ways, his feelings are echoed in the form of characters. Both poems show how companionship almost ends due to war, all the old friends either die or never see you again. The endings and startings in each poem have the same effect; they leave the reader with a question; is war necessary? This question is very important, every soldier at the time must have been thinkingRead More Ivan Denisovich1740 Words à |à 7 Pagesterror, hopelessness and misery. For Soviet citizens and the prisoners life was miserable. One Day in the Life of Ivan Denisovich, a short novel written by Alexander Solzhenitsyn, is a story about the one day in the life of a person caught between the chaos of the war and the faceless entity that controls their lives. The story takes place somewhere in Siberia in 1951 at a ââ¬Å"specialâ⬠(forced labor) camp. Ivan is sent here after escaping from the Germans that captured him and some other men on the northwest pieplassaltmort1987http://www.blogger.com/profile/01464569697913291033noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6570312276478908524.post-74764118909031488712020-05-11T23:46:00.001-07:002020-05-11T23:46:03.064-07:00Emily Dickinson Her View Of God Essay - 912 Words Emily Dickinson: Her View of God nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;Emily Dickinson had a view of God and His power that was very strange for a person of her time. Dickinson questioned God, His power, and the people in the society around her. She did not believe in going to church because she felt as though she couldnt find any answers there. She asked God questions through writing poems, and believed that she had to wait until she died to find out the answers. Dickinson was ahead of her time with beliefs like this. Many people in her generation just believed in God, went to church, and looked highly on the events discussed during church out of fear. These people were hesitant to ask questions, afraid of God, and scared of Dickinson becauseâ⬠¦show more contentâ⬠¦She does not look at death as a bad thing, she starts to look at it in a positive way. She slowly starts to seclude herself from others, which is apparent in her poems. Dickinson starts to discuss her state of solitude and how it came about. This is described in, quot;The Soul Selects Her Own Societyquot;. Dickinson says that: nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;quot; The souls selects her own society- nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp; then shuts the door- nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp; To her divine majority- Present no more-(80).quot; At this point in her life, Dickinson no longer wants to be a serious part of any society. By secluding herself from people and writing poetry and letters only to those close to her, she could question anything without being noted as a skeptic by people within the society. Due to her beliefs, many thought that Dickinson contributed to blasphemy, simply because she questioned God and authority. However, in all actuality, Emily Dickinson was a loving and loyal woman with a lot of unanswered questions. It was as though God has complete power over Dickinson, and this was her way to praise God-by total seclusion. Instead of going toShow MoreRelatedEmily Dickinson: Her View of God936 Words à |à 4 PagesEmily Dickinson: Her View of God Emily Dickinson had a view of God and His power that was very strange for a person of her time. Dickinson questioned God, His power, and the people in the society around her. She did not believe in going to church because she felt as though she couldnt find any answers there. She asked God questions through writing poems, and believed that she had to wait until she died to find out the answers. Dickinson was ahead of her time with beliefs like this. ManyRead MoreEmily Dickinson : The Point When A Reader1749 Words à |à 7 PagesKnoernschild November 27, 2015 Emily Dickinson At the point when a reader hears the name Emily Dickinson, they consider a female who composed verse that has been surely understood for a considerable length of time and years. Much to their dismay that Emily Dickinson established American Literature, and began an entire unrest of verse. The procedure Dickinson used to keep in touch with her verse was at no other time seen and was the foundation of her compositions. Major themes, FigurativeRead MoreThe Last Night She Lived By Emily Dickinson1129 Words à |à 5 PagesApril 2015 Emily Dickinson Essay Emily Dickinson is renowned for her implications and rhetorical writing style that leaves readers in a state of enlightenment that is required to unveil the true meaning behind her poems. Regardless, less than ten of her eighteen-hundred poems were ever published due to her radical viewpoints and unconventional writing style. Of the few that were ever published, ââ¬Å"The last night she livedâ⬠is among them. The poem is a true representation of Dickinsonââ¬â¢s views and philosophyRead More Loneliness in Works of Emily Dickinson Essay1222 Words à |à 5 Pagesthe poems of Emily Dickinson, there are many instances in which she refers to her seclusion and loneliness, and how wonderful the two can be. In a book entitled, Emily Dickenson: Singular Poet, by Carl Dommermuth, she writes: She (Dickinson) apparently enjoyed a normal social life as a school girl, but in later years would seldom leave her home. She was passionate yet distant. This distance Dommermuth speaks of is quite evident in Dickinsons works. Dickinson not only loves her loneliness butRead MoreMortailty and Eternity in Emily Dickinson Poems Essay1541 Words à |à 7 PagesEmily Dickinson is the epitome of the modern poet. Her poetry breaks from the traditional style with dashes to separate ideas. Dickinson, also, challenged the religious belief of her time. Growing up as a Puritan in Massachusetts, Emily Dickinson knew the bible, yet as an adult, she questioned that belief. Many of her poems seem focused on death; death of the body, death of the soul, death of the mind. Why was she so intrigued with death? The poems that embody this theme are: ââ¬Å"Success is countedRead MoreCritical Analysis Of I Heard A Fly Buzz When I Died1381 Words à |à 6 PagesLater in her life, Dickinson writes about death and the overwhelming presence of death. Her famous poem, I Heard a Fly Buzz When I Died, talks about death and the decay of the body. According to Helen Vendlerââ¬â¢s Dickinson: S elected Poems and Commentaries, it gives an analysis of the I Heard a Fly Buzz When I Died in line 7 of the poem the king will be coming and will reclaim what belongs to him and when he comes it will be witnessed by the bystanders in the room. The King is coming for the deceasedRead MoreReligion In Emily Dickinson1005 Words à |à 5 PagesEmily Dickinson was one of the most ambiguous authors of her time. Her poetry remains a mystery to so many readers and her lack of biographical information makes her writing even more intriguing. Dickinson spent most of her life away from society, therefore, very few people knew how she viewed the aspects of life, let alone knew what her writing meant. Her interpretations of concepts such as religion, nature, and death are often seen as contradicting and pinning one specific thesis on her views isRead MoreCharles Bukowski s Poem, A Genius, And Power Of The Human Mind1513 Words à |à 7 Pagesin today s society. In Emily Dickinsonââ¬â¢s poem, à ¢â¬Å"[The Brainââ¬âis wider than the Skyââ¬â],â⬠she talks about the power of the human brain, complimenting and respecting it to things thought to be incomparable. Both Dickinsonââ¬â¢s and Bukowskiââ¬â¢s poems show the strength and power of the human mind, but their views on what the brain accomplishes are far from similar. The power of the brain is something that cannot just be explained merely through adjectives, both Bukowski and Dickinson used comparisons of extremeRead MoreAn Analysis of I Heard a Fly Buzz- When I Died and Jilting of Granny Weatherall1714 Words à |à 7 Pagestheir life by God. Christians believe in life after death if a person lives their life by god and accepts Jesus Christ then they will go to heaven, however, if a person fails to let go of their sins or does not live accept Christ then they will not find eternal life in heaven. Both ââ¬Å"The Jilting of Granny Weatherallâ⬠by Katherine Anne Porter and ââ¬Å"I Heard a Fly Buzz- When I Diedâ⬠by Emily Dickinson depict characters who fail to find salvation after death because of their inability to see God in the physicalRead More Emily Dickinsonââ¬â¢s This was a Poet- it is That Essay example1014 Words à |à 5 PagesEmily Dickinsonââ¬â¢s This was a Poet- it is That Emily Dickinson was an unrecognized poet her whole life. Her close family members recognized her talent, and her needs to write poetry, but the literary establishment of her time would not recognize her skill. Even though she was unrecognized, she was still quietly battling the established views through her poetry. Her literary struggle was exposed after her death since, while living, only five of her poems were published. Many of her poems pieplassaltmort1987http://www.blogger.com/profile/01464569697913291033noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6570312276478908524.post-55483022810483395132020-05-06T21:06:00.001-07:002020-05-06T21:06:24.699-07:00Shrek Movie Analysis - 796 Words Fairy tales don t always follow the same boring pattern; beautiful princess falls in love with her prince charming and they live happily ever after. The movie Shrek, an ogre and beautiful princess fall in love, though this beautiful princess has a secret; her secret is that by day a beautiful princess, and by night an ugly ogre, at least in her eyes. Shrek thought she was beautiful as a human and as an ogre; this hidden message is shown as beauty is in the eye of the beholder. Also in the movie, another implied message is that people are prejudice to stereotypes. Though, once you truly know some one, it can be really wonderful and life changing. In Shrek, Princess Fiona is a beautiful princess who is locked away in a tower awaiting herâ⬠¦show more contentâ⬠¦She ends up belching in front of Shrek and Donkey, also catching flies with a spiders web and handing it to Shrek, and making a snake balloon for Shrek and accepting his frog balloon in return. Shrek and Fiona end up falling in love, even though they didn t like each other at the beginning because they assumed the other was not their type when in fact they are just alike. Friendship is one of the most important things in life. This is also shown in Shrek between Donkey, Shrek, and Fiona. Shrek and Donkey don t seem to get along at the beginning of the movie when rescuing Princess Fiona from the dragons keep. After Shrek and Donkey save Princess Fiona, Shrek overhears Princess Fiona and Donkey talking about her curse and how Princess Fiona thought she was ugly as an ogre and Shrek wouldn t love her if she was an Ogre. Near the end of the movie, Shrek, Donkey, and Princess Fiona all end up going their separate ways; Shrek ends up going back to his swamp, Donkey has nowhere so he ends up just walking around the forest, and Princess Fiona ends up going off to Duloc to marry Lord Farquaad. Before Princess Fiona and Lord Farquaad are married, Donkey tells Shrek that they are friends and that Shrek should treat him more like one. In the end, Shrek and Fiona end up happily together because of Donkey. Though this fairy tale isn t like the average fairy tale, it still has implied and hidden messages. Shrek displays many ofShow MoreRelatedRhethorical Analysis Movie Shrek1709 Words à |à 7 PagesOctober 5, 2012 Shrek Rhetorical Analysis Essay People have always watched fairytales at a very young age, growing up to believe in them. Some watched them to obtain some kind illusion, for pure entertainment, and others for the sake of love. However, not every fairytale has a purpose of giving us an illusion, of entertaining us, or making us believe in love. Shrek is not a typical fairytale. Even though many people see Shrek along with other fairytales as any other movie created for entertainmentRead MoreAnalysis of the Character of Shrek and Lord Farquaad from movie Shrek1570 Words à |à 7 PagesAnalysis of the Character of Shrek and Lord Farquaad from movie Shrek In this essay I will analyse the characters of Shrek and Lord Farquaad and tell you about how the filmmakers use different presentational devices to create an unusual fairy tale. In traditional fairy tales the princess is normally a perfect, kind, beautiful person. In a traditional fairy tale the princess is trapped in the tallest tower of a castle guarded by a terrifying beast. A handsome princeRead MoreAnalysis Of The Movie The Beloved Shrek 1125 Words à |à 5 Pagesgoing to evaluate the beloved Shrek series, specifically Shrek 2 which was released in 2004 and directed by Andrew Adamson, Conrad Vernon, and Kelly Asbury. Milan: Andrew Adamsonââ¬â¢s other great directing moment was during 2008 with the Chronicles of Narnia: Prince Caspian. Conrad Vernon also directed The Bee Movie, Madagascar, and The Emoji Movie. Smurfs, Beauty and the Beast, and Gnomeo and Juliet were some of Kelly Asburyââ¬â¢s other works. As you can tell from these movie examples, these directors continuedRead MoreEssay on Analysis of Gender Representations in the Movie Shrek2565 Words à |à 11 PagesAnalysis of Gender Representations in the Movie Shrek Shrek is a movie that is very different from any movies that one could see so far. It is a computer-animated American comedy film, directed by Andrew Adamson and Vicky Jenson, and starring the voices of Mike Myers, Eddie Murphy, Cameron Diaz, and John Lithgow. It was based on William Steigs 1990 fairy tale picture book Shrek!, and was produced by DreamWorks Animation. Clearly displaying its difference, Shrek was the first film to win an AcademyRead MoreCharacter Analysis : Shrek, And The Movie904 Words à |à 4 PagesDo your looks truly define who you are on the inside? In the movie, despite his ugliness, Shrekââ¬â¢s love is depicted better in the movie, than in the picture book. Shrek was portrayed as an ugly ogre who was judged by the whole town because of that. People would run away in fright at the sight of him, and it made him upset. In the book, Shrek was proud to be ugly and wanted everyone to be afraid. At the beginning of the movie, Shrek is doing his daily routine, and we get a glimpse of how gross heRead MorePersonality Analysis : Shrek Essay1715 Words à |à 7 PagesPersonality Steve Millman November 30 Personality Analysis Paper Personality can be evaluated in many different kind of psychological approaches which includes trait, biological, learning, humanistic, and psychoanalytic. These approaches or theories helps us assess and explain one s personality. Being able to understand one s personality through different perspectives is important because it affects how we think and behave towards others. In the movie Shrek (2001), viewers are introduced to four mainRead MoreCharacter Analysis of Shrek and Lord Farquaad Essay example1082 Words à |à 5 PagesCharacter Analysis of Shrek and Lord Farquaad In traditional fairytales, ogres are man-eating beasts. The prince usually rescues the princess; they marry and live happily ever after. How do the makers of Shrek use presentational devices to reverse this tradition, to reveal the ogre as good, and the prince as evil? In this essay, I am going to analyse the characters of Shrek and Lord Farquaad, and write about how filmmakers use different presentational devices toRead MorePixar1465 Words à |à 6 PagesLauren Patterson October 7, 2013 Strategic Management 5301 Walt Disney-Pixar Analysis The Walt Disney-Pixar merger carries a number of convincing advantages for Disney, but Pixar shareholders should be less enthusiastic about such a deal. Pixarââ¬â¢s resources and capabilities have set a standard that is extremely difficult to imitate. Through its highly talented employee pool, culture of creativity and collaboration, and proprietary 3D computer animation software, Pixar has created a competitiveRead MoreWalt Disney Pixar Case Analysis1439 Words à |à 6 PagesLauren Patterson October 7, 2013 Strategic Management 5301 Walt Disney-Pixar Analysis The Walt Disney-Pixar merger carries a number of convincing advantages for Disney, but Pixar shareholders should be less enthusiastic about such a deal. Pixarââ¬â¢s resources and capabilities have set a standard that is extremely difficult to imitate. Through its highly talented employee pool, culture of creativity and collaboration, and proprietary 3D computer animation software, Pixar has created a competitive advantageRead MoreThe Incredibles Conflict Theory Essay1298 Words à |à 6 PagesCST 477 May 2, 2013 Final Paper The Incredibles (2004) A movie by Pixar, The Incredibles was very well thought of by audiences. In 2005, it won an Academy Award for Best Animated Feature Film of the Year beating the movies Shark Tale and Shrek 2. The film starts off as an interview with three superheroes known as Mr. Incredible, Elastigirl, and Frozone talking about why they have secret identity. They all love their role as superheroes and enjoy helping people. While the start doesnt pieplassaltmort1987http://www.blogger.com/profile/01464569697913291033noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6570312276478908524.post-70812877364891871992020-05-06T11:38:00.001-07:002020-05-06T11:38:33.062-07:00Ketchup campaign seeks to expand ketchup Free Essays The message ââ¬Ëketchup zarooriââ¬â¢ is aimed at communicating the same. We have not Just said ââ¬Ëketchup zaroorlââ¬â¢, we have said ââ¬ËNational Ketchup zaroorlââ¬â¢ hence our campaign Is not promoting the category but the National Ketchup brand specifically. â⬠On promoting the 100g sachet to end consumers: ââ¬Å"We have had the 100g sachet for a long time but have never promoted it before. We will write a custom essay sample on Ketchup campaign seeks to expand ketchup or any similar topic only for you Order Now Our sachet SKUs (log and 100g) are generally used and distributed by hotels, estaurants and fast food chains. However we want to encourage impulse buying for this SKU and thus promoted it to the general consumer. Showing this SKU in the lunch boxes of kids is based on the insights we gathered from a LJA study we conducted across Pakistan whereby we learned that mothers often put these sachets in their kidsââ¬â¢ lunch boxes. â⬠On out of home and inside home ketchup consumption habits: ââ¬Å"The sachet SKUs are generally consumed out of home as they are easy to carry on the go. The bottle and pouch are consumed inside the home and often in arty and dinner settings. A word from the agency ââ¬â Umair Shams, Account Manager, IAL Saatchi ; Saatchi On changing consumer behaviour for ketchup: ââ¬Å"There Is a simple consumer truth In this category: Pakistanis are obsessed with condiments. However, tnere Is a speclTlc conolmenvsauce tnat goes wltn eacn T example imli chutney is consumed with dahl baray, zeera raita with pulao etc. We wanted the Pakistani consumer to make an exception w hen it comes to National Ketchup and pour it on anything and everything. Therefore, National Ketchup being the market leader has attempted to expand the usage and frequency of ketchup by showing a variety of snacks and foods that ketchup can be consumed with. The strategy was to show that ketchup is one versatile condiment, and when itââ¬â¢s National Ketchup, there really are no rules. â⬠On the campaign Jingle: ââ¬Å"The Jingle is composed and sung by Shula Hyder from Speed of Sound. Hyder has developed great music for National Foods over the years which includes AaJ Yeh Kounsa Mehmaan Aaya and Rung Bharti Jao. ââ¬Å" How to cite Ketchup campaign seeks to expand ketchup, Papers pieplassaltmort1987http://www.blogger.com/profile/01464569697913291033noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6570312276478908524.post-13556119480716235362020-05-06T04:38:00.001-07:002020-05-06T04:38:07.994-07:00Vegetation Response to Doubled CO2 and Climate Change Question: Discuss the matter of vegetation response with respect to doubled CO2? Answer: The matter of vegetation response with respect to doubled CO2 and climate change is an important topic of discussion. According to the research experiment by Betts et al. (2000), the structural components of vegetation LAI (Leaf Area Index) significantly increases by the collective impact of radiative forcing, double CO2 and associated climate change, as compared to only doubled CO2 response. In the last six years experiment, average of CO2 increase measured in the production of biomass is 23.6 %, with individual increase throughout the years measured respectively 5%, 20%, 22%, 27%, 31%, and 18%. However, the results significantly denote that vegetation is a fundamental component for CO2 fertilization in the ecosystem (Pu and Dickinson 2014). It helps sequestering carbon, which in turn reduces the impacts of global warming due to potential rise of CO2 in the atmosphere. References Betts, R. A., Cox, P. M. and Woodward, F. I. 2000, Simulated Responses of Potential Vegetation to Doubled-CO2Climate Change and Feedbacks on Near-surface Temperature.Global Ecology Biogeography,9, 171-180 Pu, B. and Dickinson, R.E., 2014. Hydrological changes in the climate system from leaf responses to increasing CO2.Climate dynamics,42(7-8), pp.1905-1923 pieplassaltmort1987http://www.blogger.com/profile/01464569697913291033noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6570312276478908524.post-69954191360612270772020-05-01T04:29:00.001-07:002020-05-01T04:29:03.627-07:00Group Communication The Essence of Synergy Question: Write about theGroup Communication for the Essence of Synergy. Answer: Introduction A group is formed when individuals who have frequent interaction and regular contact along with the common feeling to work together to achieve a common goal are collected. Groups are formed to satisfy needs that a person cannot meet on his own; together we can share our experience and knowledge and can take decision easily in a better way. When a group comes to its conclusion after considering a wide range of ideas then it is becomes an effective group.(Randy, 2006) In group individuals behave in different ways use symbols and other specialized terms that are common within the group, it may not be related to the other group but a common person in both the groups can understand. Groups are formed for a particular purpose and brought together for the friends or a family. Group Norms Norms are guidelines which involve the code of conduct and the behavior which gives the conformity to the operations and the activities and the group members expect all these rules are developed slowly and it is informed to all the group members for the smooth functioning and it also involve a dress code and it developed by all the members of the group.(Corey Cindy, 2010) It is a standard of behavior norms tells us what should be done and rule indicates it must be done and it also helps in taking decision and norms can be informal or formal and it will be evaluated in front of the group members.(Baird., 1981) All these are the expectations which are unwritten and develop slowly and group members learn the behaviors which are required for the group to function. Group Effectiveness Group effectiveness comes when all the members of the groups invest their major efforts and the time in exploring and shaping the purpose that belongs to all the members and transform them into a performance and the goals. Over the period of time the task and groups have been changed and now it is time of encouragement, most of the managers of the team members does not know the reason of effectiveness and there are various reasons which usually contribute in being the communication is effective or ineffective.(Glaser, 2001) Efforts can be put in order to make the communications effective which are as follows: Clear goals Contribution of all the group members Mutual trust and support Proper Communication Structured team Adequately alignment of goals Sharing and understanding of knowledge and ideas Co-operative work culture Group Effectiveness helps in contributing towards the higher productivity and the quality of the product and it requires for all the team members to be interpersonal and have skills to negotiate. Diverse workforce must know how to relate and co-operate at all the levels in lieu of language, culture and the lifestyle. Good interpersonal skills and reduce the conflicts and should appreciate the diversity for smooth functioning at the workplace.(Gladstein, 2000) How Groups are Formed: Stages of Group Development Groups are not formed just by choosing some of the friends to work with but when we work in a specific group together and to become professional you need to understand the relationship with each other needs. There are five stages of group development:(Trevor, 2000) Forming: It is the first stage of the group development and it in members are put together in a group and everyone tries not to be involved in conflicts and they accepted by everyone. Storming: This is the stage in which conflicts arises as some of the people see themselves as leaders and it leads to uncertainty and the conflicts and some still take the back seat and they are comfortable with their place. Norming: In this stage members are engaged and acknowledge the contributions and the activities of the group members and they start sharing their feelings and ideas and they understands that without each other help they cannot achieve success. Performing This stage does not reaches in all the groups but in this stage there is a good cohesion in a group and members start believing in each others ability and can also work independently and their morale is high and has the ability to share the workload equally. Adjourning It involves the disengagement from relationships and the termination of task behaviors and every one start feeling pride and they usually does not understand that what they have learnt before entering into this group Group Think Group occurs within a group in which the pressure arises to conform and interference of each member in the analysis of a problem causes irrational outcome. A group is harmed for groupthink when all the members are of a similar background but they have not decided any clear rules for the decision making. In group think there should be a self censorship and the majority should be assumed as unanimous.(Hackman, 2005) Why we Should Avoid Group Think Group think has many advantages but when it comes to the effective decision making a lots of problems occurs one can take a decision after listening all the factors in positive or negative side but when group sits together for taking a decision is difficult as the they face the to make a uniformity and it also takes a lots of time as well as members close mind in order to a decision but dont want to face risk and they also try to overestimate upon the groups power and the morality.(Callaway, 2001) When a member joins the majority then he is sacrificing his own decision and the involvement and it leads to failure in two ways firstly it is treated as a close minded and it reduces the ability to forecast the future problems and secondly. Bibliography: Baird., J. E. (1981). Group Communication : The Essence of synergy. W.C Brown Company. Callaway, M. (2001). Effects of dominance on group decision making: Towards a stress reduction explanantion of group think. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology Corey Cindy, C. G. (2010). Groups: Process and Practice. Brooks/Cole Cengage Learning. Gladstein, D. L. (2000). Groups in Context : A Model of Task Group Effectiveness. Administrative Science Quarterly . Glaser, S. (2001). Teamwork and Communication: A 3 year case study of change. Management Communication Quarterly . Hackman, J. (2005). A theory of team coaching. Academy of management review . Randy, F. (2006). Creating Effective Groups: The Art of small group communication. Rowman Littlefield Publishers INC. Trevor, T. (2000). Working with Groups. Hong Kong: Macmillan Education Australia Pvt Ltd. pieplassaltmort1987http://www.blogger.com/profile/01464569697913291033noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6570312276478908524.post-80208293310358584442020-04-11T00:03:00.001-07:002020-04-11T00:03:04.623-07:00Writing an Essay Example: Computer Technology EssayWriting an Essay Example: Computer Technology EssayIn order to write a Technology Essay Sample, you will need a great deal of information about computers and technology. You should know the basics of computer technology such as a list of different types of computers and their functions. You should also know which types of programs and software you will need to get to fully enjoy using computers. Once you have your basic knowledge of computers and technology, it is time to start writing your essay.One of the best ways to start writing an essay is to look for a job as a freelance writer. There are several freelancing websites that allow you to find employment, regardless of your current location. When you get a job as a freelance writer, you do not have to worry about paying a high cost for taxes or insurance. Another great advantage to this type of employment is that you can work from home or anywhere in the world with no restrictions. Many freelance writers are also students who want to earn extra money while still completing their college degrees.The most effective way to write an essay is to start writing it right away. Start writing a few paragraphs and develop an outline. You can also incorporate some unique quotes from your background into your essay. If you really enjoy the idea of an essay sample, you can actually use this as a kind of tutorial for writing other essays.When you begin writing your essay, you will want to focus on the technical parts of technological research. For example, in a Technology Essay Sample, you will want to touch on the history of computers, the role of computers in a business, and how technology can affect an individual's lifestyle. You should include some anecdotes regarding how technology has helped you. It may be a good idea to research an issue that relates to your topic. You will want to use this essay as a resource for creating a series of future articles on the topic.Make sure you include an introduction to your essay o n technological research. In addition to writing an introduction, it is important to begin writing your paragraph by introducing your background information. This will give the reader a better idea of who you are and what you are about to say. This will also help you develop a more convincing style of writing.An excellent tip when it comes to technical writing is to always start a paragraph on a technology by using an abbreviation. For example, you can start a paragraph on technological research with 'In a series of articles...' (ex. '...this series of articles will describe how ...').Remember that a Technology Essay Sample is not an article. The structure of an essay will vary greatly, but an essay should be based on the same structure. pieplassaltmort1987http://www.blogger.com/profile/01464569697913291033noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6570312276478908524.post-52471335103330962202020-03-21T17:20:00.001-07:002020-03-21T17:20:02.087-07:00A Learning Experience Essay EssaysA Learning Experience Essay Essays A Learning Experience Essay Essay A Learning Experience Essay Essay In this content. there will be a treatment on how person can larn how to non utilize drugs and what it was like for them before and after their initial usage. There will be an designation of what person would larn from utilizing to non utilizing. Besides included in the treatment there will be a description of how someoneââ¬â¢s acquisition could hold occurred through classical conditioning. placing the innate stimulation. the innate response. the learned stimulation. and the conditioned response. An account will be given in respects to how their acquisition could hold occurred through operant conditioning. depicting the behaviour. effect. and support. There will be an reference of how the acquisition could hold occurred through cognitive-social acquisition. Identifying the Learning Experience Let us state that person has been making drugs on a societal footing. populating a wild and unworried life style. Until one twenty-four hours. a different manner of utilizing the drug becomes introduced. In that case the drug is introduced. it becomes an automatic dependence. It becomes an overpowering desire to hold more to obtain that haste repeatedly. It is the loss of all control and the beginning of losing the power of life. The individual frits at the idea of the drug and loses control when they can non acquire a clasp of it when they want it and how they want it. It becomes a portion of their life style and it becomes more hard for them to lose the desire after a long period of utilizing. It takes a power greater so themselves to discontinue and the aid of people like them who have been clean. With the aid and support of these people. the desire to utilize becomes less and less and the ââ¬Å"disease of dependence. â⬠becomes arrested. What is Learned through the Experience The long term larning experience is larning to populate without the usage of drugs. Populating with the usage of drugs causes many to populate a life of unmanageability. It leads to a clip in an addictââ¬â¢s life when they seek a topographic point where they can have aid. hence taking to a clean life. They no longer want to populate with the compulsion of utilizing and no longer with a life of insanity. Classical Conditioning. Unconditioned Stimulus and Response. Conditioned Stimulus and Response Classical conditioning is a signifier of acquisition in which a impersonal stimulation becomes a conditional stimulation capable of arousing a given response after being repeatedly presented with an innate ( important ) stimulation ( Oxford Reference. 2007 ) . For illustration. an nut may utilize a pipe. cigarillos. turn over up documents. or panpipes ( conditional stimulation ) whenever an nut set out to utilize their preferable drug of pick. Finally. the addict becomes craved at the presence of these points ( conditional response ) . even when the drug was absent ( unconditioned stimulation ) . Therefore. the absence of the drug leads to the overpowering desire to utilize ( unconditioned response ) . If the drugs and all the points are present and so something runs out. the conditional and unconditioned stimulation occurs together and are presented at the same topographic point. doing the nut powerless. Operant Conditioning. Behavior. Consequence. Reinforcement Operant conditioning ( instrumental conditioning ) is a signifier of larning where an person forms an association between a peculiar behavioural response and a peculiar support ( Oxford Reference. 2007 ) . In the instance of an nut. when an nut takes the first drug it may be pleasant. but so a 1000 is neer plenty. Therefore. the platitude becomes an addictââ¬â¢s worst incubus. They use to populate and populate to utilize. ensuing in the disease of dependence. Once an nut realizes the more they use the more unpleasant it gets. they do non desire to confront the effects of gaols. establishments. or decease. Therefore. they seek the aid of retrieving nuts. admit their impotence over the drug. and do a pick to come clean. As an nut efforts to come clean. they need the support of Narcotics Anonymous meetings on a day-to-day footing. It is recommended that a newcomer attend 90 meetings in 90 yearss. associate themselves with other retrieving nuts of the same sex. and to seek out a patron to work the Twelve Steps. With all these options that Narcotics Anonymous provides helps a retrieving nut get good on their manner to populating a clean productive life. The retrieving nut demands to be invariably reminded to take it a twenty-four hours at a clip. retrieve that they didnââ¬â¢t go an nut over dark. to maintain traveling back ( to meetings ) . and easy does it. If an addict supports coming back. they are less likely to travel out an backsliding ; but if they keep crushing themselves up. make non alter the people. topographic points. and things around them. and go on to maintain their old behaviours. they are merely penalizing themselves doing it less likely for them to return to meetings and alternatively travel out and usage. Cognitive-Social Learning Cognitive-social acquisition incorporates the general constructs of conditioning. but instead than trusting on a simple stimulation and response theoretical account. this theory emphasizes the reading or thought that occurs within the being. stimulus-organism-response ( Carpenter-Huffman. 2010 ) . In the instance of an nut. nuts have attitudes. beliefs. outlooks. motives. and emotions that affect larning ( Carpenter-Huffman. 2010 ) . In the instance of a retrieving nut. these old beliefs. attitudes. false motive and outlooks. and lost emotions. being in the suites of a Narcotics Anonymous meeting helps them to socialise with other retrieving nuts and shortly the fledgling is able to larn new behaviours through the observations. suggestions. and reading of literature given. In a traffic circle manner. the fledgling begins by copying and sharing in meetings. additions a comfort. develops a sense of security. and becomes honest with themselves. leting them to go honest with other retrieving nuts. They learn that non one individual is different from another in a Narcotics Anonymous meeting. but they are all likewise. one nut making out to assist another nut recover. Decision With the continued socialisation and fellowshipping of Narcotics Anonymous. a retrieving nut can lose the changeless desire to utilize. happen a power greater than themselves. and live a new life taking it a twenty-four hours at a clip because any twenty-four hours clean is a twenty-four hours of success. Classical conditioning is a erudite behaviour that happens with or without the drugs being present. Operant conditioning is cognizing that there are effects for this learned ehavior ( drug usage ) . that consequences in penalty ( an nut seeking to retrieve but still holding the presence of their old people. topographic points and things ensuing in backsliding ) . and lead to a desire to hold positive support ( an nut come ining into recovery after a life of licking ) . Cognitive-social acquisition is coming to the realisation that through engagement in the Narcotics Anonymous plan. it becomes easier to retrieve seeing that other nuts excessively have chosen to retrieve ( copying and practising the rules. traditions. and finishing the 12 stairss ) . pieplassaltmort1987http://www.blogger.com/profile/01464569697913291033noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6570312276478908524.post-82824991991967316092020-03-05T07:46:00.001-08:002020-03-05T07:46:02.979-08:00Secret Service Protection For Presidential CandidatesSecret Service Protection For Presidential Candidates Most presidential candidates are entitled to receive Secret Service protection from the federal law enforcement agency that also provides security to all U.S. presidents and vice presidents and their families. Serious presidential candidates begin receiving Secret Service protection during the primary campaigns and continue to get coverage through the fall election if they become the nominee. Secret service protection for presidential candidates is provided for in federal law. Here are answers to some of the most commonly asked questions about Secret Service protection for candidates. Which Presidential Candidates Get Secret Service Protection The Secret Service protects only major presidential candidates and only those who request coverage. The secretary of Homeland Security determines which presidential candidates are considered major after consultation with an advisory committee, according to the agency. Major presidential candidates can decline Secret Service Protection. WhoDecides Which Candidates Get Secret Service Protection The Homeland Security director makes his determination on which candidates get Secret Service protection in consultation with an advisory panel that includes the speaker of the U.S. House of Representatives; the House minority whip; the Senate majority and minority leaders; and an additional member chosen by the committee itself. Criteria for Providing Secret Service Protection Major candidates are those that have considerable prominence among the public and have raised substantial money for their presidential campaigns. Specifically, primary candidates become eligible for Secret Service protection, according to the Congressional Research Service, if they: Are publicly declared candidates.Are actively campaigning nationally and are contesting at least 10 state primaries.Are pursuing the nomination of a qualified party, one whose presidential candidate received at least 10 percent of the popular vote in the prior election.Are qualified for public matching funds of at least $100,000, and have raised at least $10 million in additional contributions.Have received by April 1 of the election year an average of 5 percent in individual candidate preferences in the most recent national opinion polls by ABC, CBS, NBC, and CNN, or have received at least 10 percent of the votes cast for all candidates in two same-day or consecutive primaries or caucuses. WhenPresidential Candidates Get Secret Service Protection Presidential and vice presidential nominees and their spouses are to receive Secret Service protection within 120 days of a general presidential election. In modern history, however, major candidates receive Secret Service protection well before that time, usually early in the primary campaigns in the late winter and early spring. Not every presidential candidate wants Secret Service protection, though. Ron Paul, 2012 Republican presidential hopeful popular among libertarians, declined Secret Service protection. The Texas congressman described Secret Service protection as a form of welfare. You know, youââ¬â¢re having the taxpayers pay to take care of somebody. Iââ¬â¢m an ordinary citizen. I would think I should pay for my own protection. And it costs, I think, more than $50,000 a day to protect those individuals. Thatââ¬â¢s a lot of money, Paul said. Cost of Secret Service Protection The cost of providing Secret Service protection to presidential candidates exceeds $200 million. The costs have risen dramatically as the field of candidates has grown larger. The cost of providing Secret Service protection for candidates in the 2000 election was about $54 million. It rose to $74 million in 2004, $112 million in 2008, $125 million in 2012 and about $204 million in 2016.à Secret Service protection costs taxpayers about $38,000 a day per candidate, according to published reports. Secret Service Protection History Congress passed a law authorizing Secret Service protection for presidential candidates for the first time following the 1968 assassination of U.S. Sen. Robert Kennedy, who was seeking the Democratic presidential nomination. pieplassaltmort1987http://www.blogger.com/profile/01464569697913291033noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6570312276478908524.post-12930789289423355442020-02-17T23:12:00.001-08:002020-02-17T23:12:03.554-08:00Incredible Journey of Development Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 wordsIncredible Journey of Development - Essay Example While some theorists hold that children develop smoothly and continuously, others contest this by their belief in the stage-wise development of children, where each stage can be distinguished from the other and is recognizably stable. But both agree that there are certain periods of a children's development when they are capable of learning to perform certain tasks better than at any other age, for example, infants and toddlers have better language grasping abilities. It is also generally agreed that each child is a unique individual, and would pick up skills according to a unique pace and pattern. The first of these developmental theories was by Sigmund Freud, which though considered inaccurate is important because it formed the basis of later theories to mark this field. He held that the way children's basic sexual and aggressive desires are handled by its parents would dictate the development of their future personalities and traits. Freud divided the developmental stages of children in terms of their sexual development and named them Oral, Anal, Phallic, Latency, and Genital stages. Freud's theory formed the basis of Erik Erikson's work which suggested a theory of human development in stages from birth to death in terms of how children begin to gain a sense of identity, as well as develop self-belief allowing them to become productive and successful members of society in their future life. Erikson associates each stage with a particular stretch of life span and goes from trust- versus-mistrust which lasts from birth to one year; autonomy-versus-shame and doubt which can be said to last from one to three years; initiative-versus-guilt which goes from three years to six ; and so on in stages such as industry-versus-inferiority; identity-versus- identity confusion; intimacy-versus- isolation; generativity versus stagnation; and integrity versus despair, each of which corresponds to a particular age. pieplassaltmort1987http://www.blogger.com/profile/01464569697913291033noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6570312276478908524.post-84136305445533335502020-02-03T13:55:00.001-08:002020-02-03T13:55:03.414-08:00Managing Human Resources-Phase 2 DB2 Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 wordsManaging Human Resources-Phase 2 DB2 - Essay Example ncluding NL&C, offer matching contributions up to a certain percentage of an employeeââ¬â¢s pay, capped at a certain amount of contribution per employee per month. (AllFinancialMatters, 2006) 2. The 401k contribution is a ââ¬Å"defined contribution plan,â⬠which means that the amount put in is set by the employee, and the amount received upon retirement depends upon the performance of his/her investments during the intervening period. 3. The 401k is exempt from current income taxes, state and federal. This means that the amount contributed can be deducted from the employeesââ¬â¢ current net income when calculating for tax purposes (Block, 2007). The primary reasons why companies want to implement 401k plans are twofold: (1) to encourage employees to provide for their retirement, particularly given the likelihood that social security payments will not cover their overall costs when they retire, and (2) to help make the employee more loyal, and more likely to stay and perform for, the company which grants and administers the 401k. Unfortunately, most companies do a poor job of explaining the 401k, and as a result have low participation rates. My plan is to appeal particularly to the younger employees (which are most of those joining NL&C), who can benefit most from a long-term savings plan. Since young people think less about their retirement, I want to point out the other advantages: c. By deducting their 401k plans from their weekly wages, they are less likely to spend the money, because it never enters their bank account. This ââ¬Å"forcedâ⬠savings effect is less painful than trying to put aside money. b. I will also make an assumption that they borrow against their 401k to buy a house, and assume a 5% increase in house value per year, leveraged at 80%, which will double their equity in less than 10 years. c. Finally, I will demonstrate that everyone in the room can be a millionaire on a ââ¬Ëmiddle classââ¬â¢ salary, and give them the opportunity to dream about pieplassaltmort1987http://www.blogger.com/profile/01464569697913291033noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6570312276478908524.post-28142261335917130112020-01-26T10:19:00.001-08:002020-01-26T10:19:05.384-08:00The Dasani Scandal The FactsThe Dasani Scandal The Facts For many years, The Coca Cola Company has been forced to diversify their products because the fizzy drinks market was saturated and people were looking for healthier drink. So, in March 2004 Coca Cola decided to launch its bottled water Dasani in UK. And Coca-Cola wanted Dasani on everybodys lips last and it happened but for the wrong reasons. The origin of UK Dasani came to light when a complaint was made to the British Food Standards Agency over Cokes use of the word pure in its Dasani marketing. After some analysis, it seems that the Dasani water is only tap water from the mains supply in Sidcup, Kent. In fact the water submits a lot of treatments into a special plant. The raw product is first passed through three filters intended to extract particles, organic debris and chlorine before a final stage known as reverse osmosis a technique invented and perfected by Nasa. The result is a almost totally pure water. After having gone to the trouble of taking everything out, put three other things back into it calcium, magnesium and sodium bicarbonate. Apparently, Dasani tastes nicer that way, while still being as pure as bottled water gets. Research shows that the UK bottled-water market is all about the natural purity of the source. Yet Coke not only decided to sell purified tap water but to make a virtue of it. It stressed its NASA-style purification process could transform tap water into something more wholesome than natural spring water. Commercialized in United Kingdom the February 1st of 2004, the Dasani bottle water cost is only tap water sold 1, 42 euro for half a litter although the water supplier Thames Water sold it at 0,008 euro per litter that is to say 3000 times more expensive. In spite of Cokes claims that its NASA-approved reverse osmosis multi-barrier filtration system created water so pure it was better than the real thing, consumers thought they were getting little more than Brita filtered water at 95p a bottle. When illegal levels of cancer-causing Bromate chemicals were discovered, Coke had no choice but to recall 500,000 bottles and abandon the drinks launch in UK. Coke dumped its new bottled water following a cancer scare and an unprecedented consumer revolt. Consequences The entire UK supply of Dasani was pulled off the shelves because it has been contaminated with bromate, a cancer-causing chemical. Any increased cancer risk is likely to be small. However the levels are higher than legally permitted in the UK and present an unnecessary risk. Some consumers may chose not to drink any Dasani they purchased prior to its withdrawal given the levels of bromate in it.Therefore, Coca-Cola withdrew all the Dasani bottles in order to ensure that only products of the highest quality are provided to their consumers .The latter could get a refund if they wanted to. To sum up we can say that the brand lost part of its equity because now consumers wont trust coca cola. Coca Cola officials said that consumers needed to be educated and informed about the products. But here, it is a crucial point that Coke missed: transparency of information and truth. The fact that consumers do not trust Coca-cola anymore is likely to damage Cokes ability to relaunch Dasani in the U.K. as Nestlà © and other players will likely take this opportunity to remind consumers that they are selling spring water vs. the purified tap water Coke is selling. Of course, Coca cola is a big player in the field of the beverage industry, somehow, on the face of a fierce competition, it may lose ground and market shares with this scandal. This event could also damage the image of coca-cola in the UK and in the world Another consequence could be on the long run, the lack of confidence from consumers from developing countries. In fact, we know that Coke is very present in developing countries, and even if part of those consumers are not aware nor educated to be informed about the content of the products, the role of the media or humanitarian associations could make them quite reluctant to buy Coca Colas products. The Dasani scandal has left Coke nursing a à £25 million loss from canceled production contracts and advertising deals. The damage to the firms reputation is 20 times that figure, analysts say. The launch was an extraordinary gaffe for a company which has marketed its way to become the worlds most valuable brand, worth $70 billion, and which has often joked that one day every kitchen will have three taps: cold water, hot water and Coke. France TELECOM France Telecom S.A. is the main telecommunications company in France, the third-largest in Europe and one of the largest in the world. It currently employs about 180,000 people (half outside of France) and has 192.7 million customers worldwide (2010). In 2008 the group had revenue of à ¢Ã¢â¬Å¡Ã ¬53.5 billion. and the current CEO is Stà ©phane Richard. The privatization step In September 2004, France Telecom became a private company. 115 years after its nationalization, the phone became again private in France. The French State sold a part of its shares so that it would not be the majority shareholder any more. On the 27th of July 2005, France Telecom announced the takeover of 80% of the mobile phone operator Amena which has 24% of market shares in Spain for 6.4 billion euro of which 3 billion correspond to a capital increase. France Telecom also informed of the NeXT scheme deployment that aimed at providing to its customers the set of telecommunications services that they need in an integrated way. Since the 1st of June 2006, France Tà ©là ©com tries to commercialize worldwide all its products under a single brand Orange. The France Tà ©là ©com logo called ampersand has a more rounded shape and the graphic guidelines have been modified. In June 2007, the French State sold again 5% of its France Tà ©là ©com shares; therefore, the public contribution (French State and ERAP) represents 27%. At the same time, France Tà ©là ©com resold Orange Netherlands and bought out the Spanish Internet service provider, Ya and the Austrian mobile phone operator, One. In March 2008, the media claimed that France Tà ©là ©com wanted to take over on the Scandinavian company TeliaSonera. This new firm would become the first European operator, however, this operation failed. On the 21st of September 2010, France Tà ©là ©com contributed up to 40% to the capital of Meditelecom (Mà ©ditel brand), the 2nd mobile phone operator in Morocco. When the operation was set up, Meditelecom had 10 mill ion customers. The agreement plans France Telecom to rise up to 49% of the capital by 2015. New management methods The NeXT scheme (2006-2008) is the recovery plan for France Telecom which aims at among other things, reducing costs and especially wage costs, carrying on a converging policy for its products and services, and grouping together all the brands under a unique one Orange except for the activities dealing with fixed line telephone which will stay under the designation France Telecom. Consequently, this led to the disappearing of numerous brands as Wanadoo and thousands of people were fired (the estimated percentage was 10%). The NeXT scheme introduced an aggressive management style. In 2004, 4000 employees were trained during 10 days to achieve in the field the new scheme. The top priority is to reduce workforce, thus new management techniques are implemented, and they aimed at damaging working conditions to force one part of the employees to leave willingly because they can not cope more psychological strain. By enhancing this phenomenon, France Telecom was diminishing the amount of re dundancy payments. The scandal After the transition period, between the beginning of January 2008 and the end of January 2010, thirty-four France Telecom employees committed suicide, some leaving notes blaming stress and misery at work. In October 2009, the wave of suicides led former Deputy CEO Louis-Pierre Wenes to resign under trade union pressure, to be replaced by Stephane Richard.Faced with repeated suicides, the company promoted Stephane Richard to chief executive officer on 1 February 2010, while Didier Lombard will remain as chairman. The official said 23 FT employees had now killed themselves this year, compared with 19 in 2009. The rate this year is slightly ahead of the French average of 17 suicides per 100,000 people in 2006, according to World Health Organization figures. France Telecom has 181,000 employees, with 100,000 in France. Union officials attribute the suicide surge to stress And apparently FT was aware by trade unions of the big tensions and pressure among the employees but decided to do nothing. Consequences In France and in Europe Orange is still the first operator but its image is strongly damaged because of the series of suicide. The France opinion was particularly shocked of the working conditions in this company which lead so many people to suicide. A commission decided to set up an investigation on FT to enlighten responsibilities in theses deaths. Benetton advertising by Toscani Every one knows the famous Italian fashion brand Benetton. And all those over twenty years old know these advertising campaigns born from the collaboration between the Group Benetton and the photograph Oliviero Toscani, in which topics, images, confrontations and situations were provocative. If you dont know what we are talking about, lets just have a look to some of those ad It is obvious that those ads play it both ways : commercial advertising, and charity campaign. According to Oliviero Toscani, todays businesses must have a social and political responsibility, they should not spend their profits ahead of basic human principles. Ultimately the famous photographer underlines precisely the fact that in our occidental societies, we never questioned values such as democracy and capitalism, as if they were obvious. Therefore, what is the Benetton advertisements bring? For the photographer side, they allow people asking themselves what is advertising, and think in a critical way about capitalism and the society. Because for him, nowadays companies shouldnt give priority only to economic interests, they should be more engaged than that. So thats what he did for those advertisements for Benetton. And for the Group, those advertisements bring a lot of talk, debate, word of mouth, positive (because it shows that the brand is engaged for equality of people, for stopping legal murder and death sentences, think outside the box) or not (because the way used to pass the message, the images used were shocking, and clearly unethical), but it makes people talking about the brand, and that is what is important for a brand, that people know its name, talk about it all over the world. And despite numerous boycott offs, the group still posted a profit in 2000 up 10% over the year before. But nothing last forever, and this adventure of trying an activist approach of advertising ended in 2000. Volvic and its drinking water in Niger operation When we talk about marketing ethics, it is necessary to distinguish ethical and legal aspects of the framework. An unethical decision or action lead by a company is not necessarily illegal and vice versa. So one effective way to integrate ethical marketing in a positive way is to be actively engaged for a social cause. A really good example of such a social and ethical engagement is the operation 1L = 10L lead by Volvic, a French brand of drinking water, in 2006. The promise was simple : every time a consumer bought one liter of Volvic water, Volvic pledged to fund construction of wells in Niger, so that ten liters of drinking water can be drawn. The results of this operation have been spectacular. Volvic has seen a great increase in its sales, and has financed the construction and the maintenance of 16 wells for 10 years. All this provided through a partnership between the brand and the Unicef organization. Thus marketing ethics has allowed to simultaneously satisfy several requirements : the villagers in Niger who benefited from drinking water infrastructure the consumer who felt happy to have contributed to this, in their small extent, but preferring this proposal instead of a reduced price in a competitor for example Volvic which saw its sales rise and its image permanently associated to a high value, and a great story. And we can go further in the positives consequences of this type of marketing action : the Unicef organization enjoyed a high visibility without incurring the sometimes controversial direct marketing expenditures employees of Volvic have been naturally associated to the action and adhered more easily to a social and thus more motivating project than just a simply growth objective the shareholders also enjoyed this operation through the financial efficiency of the device pieplassaltmort1987http://www.blogger.com/profile/01464569697913291033noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6570312276478908524.post-23747103947125698362020-01-18T06:43:00.001-08:002020-01-18T06:43:03.423-08:00Pixar and Walt Disney MergerNEW YORK ââ¬â Mickey Mouse and Nemo are now corporate cousins. Walt Disney has announced that it is buying Pixar, the animated studio led by Apple head Steve Jobs, in a deal worth $7. 4 billion. Speculation about a deal being imminent raged on Wall Street for the past few weeks. Disney has released all of Pixar's films so far, but the companies' current distribution deal was set to expire following the release of this summer's ââ¬Å"Cars. The merger brings together Disney's historic franchise of animated characters, such as Mickey, Minnie Mouse and Donald Duck, with Pixar's stable of cartoon hits, including the two ââ¬Å"Toy Storyâ⬠films, ââ¬Å"Finding Nemoâ⬠and ââ¬Å"The Incredibles. â⬠ââ¬Å"Disney and Pixar can now collaborate without the barriers that come from two different companies with two different sets of shareholders,â⬠said Jobs in a statement. ââ¬Å"Now, everyone can focus on what is most important, creating innovative stories, characters and films that delight millions of people around the world. â⬠As part of the deal, Jobs will become a board member of Disney, the companies said.And John Lasseter, the highly respected creative director at Pixar who had previously worked for Disney, will rejoin the House of Mouse as chief creative officer for the company's combined animated studios and will also help oversee the design for new attractions at Disney theme parks. ââ¬Å"The addition of Pixar significantly enhances Disney animation, which is a critical creative engine for driving growth across our businesses,â⬠said Disney CEO Robert Iger in a written statement. During a conference call with analysts Tuesday, Iger said that acquisition discussions had been going on for the past several months.Jobs added that after a ââ¬Å"lot of soul searching,â⬠he came to the conclusion that it made the most sense for Pixar to align itself with Disney permanently instead of trying to distribute films on its own or si gn with another movie studio partner. According to the terms of the deal, Disney (Research) will issue 2. 3 shares for each Pixar share. Based on Tuesday's closing prices, that values Pixar at $59. 78 a share, about a 4 percent premium to Pixar's current stock price. Shares of Pixar (Research) fell slightly in regular trading on the Nasdaq Tuesday but gained nearly 3 percent in after-hours trading.The stock has surged more than 10 percent so far this year on takeover speculation. Disney's stock gained 1. 8 percent in regular trading on the New York Stock Exchange and was flat after-hours. Prior to the deal's announcement, some Wall Street observers had speculated that Disney may be paying too much for Pixar. A source tells FORTUNE that some Disney board members also thought the price was too high. To that end, Disney chief financial officer Thomas Staggs said during the conference call that the deal would reduce Disney's earnings slightly in fiscal 2006, which ends this September, a s well as fiscal 2007.He added though that Pixar should add to earnings by fiscal 2008 and that Disney was still on track to post annual double-digit percentage gains in earnings through 2008. But one hedge fund manager said that the risk of Disney losing Pixar was too great. ââ¬Å"The question isn't did Disney pay too much but how expensive would it have been for Disney if Pixar fell into someone else's hands,â⬠said Barry Ritholtz, chief investment officer with Ritholtz Capital Partners, a hedge fund that focuses on media and technology stocks. Jeffrey Logsdon, an analyst with Harris Nesbitt, agreed with that assessment.He said that Pixar's ââ¬Å"success quotientâ⬠justified the price of the deal. Pixar has yet to have a flop with its six animated movies. They have grossed more than $3. 2 billion worldwide, according to movie tracking research firm Box Office Mojo. Disney, however, has struggled in the computer-generated animated movie arena. Even though its most recen t CG-animated film, ââ¬Å"Chicken Littleâ⬠performed better than many had expected at the box office, it was not as big a hit as any of the Pixar films. ââ¬Å"Robert Iger has made no secret of the fact that he wanted to get the animated business back to where it was.It's what Disney has known for but the movies they did in-house did not do as well as the ones they did with Pixar,â⬠said Michael Cuggino, a fund manager who owns about 100,000 shares of Disney in the Permanent Portfolio and Permanent Portfolio Aggressive Growth funds. Pixar has yet to announce what movies it is working on after ââ¬Å"Cars,â⬠however. It is believed that Pixar's next film about a rat living in a fancy Parisian restaurant, tentatively titled ââ¬Å"Ratatouilleâ⬠may be released on 2007 and that a ââ¬Å"Toy Story 3â⬠may be in the works as well.Jobs said during the conference call that nothing has been decided about future Pixar releases yet, but added that the company feels s trongly about making sequels to some of its previous hits. And Iger said that announced plans for Disney-produced animated films, including the release of ââ¬Å"American Dogâ⬠in 2008 and ââ¬Å"Rapunzel Unbraidedâ⬠in 2009, are still on track. It would have been unthinkable to imagine Disney and Pixar teaming up just a few years ago.The two companies broke off talks to extend their current distribution agreement in 2004 due to a strained relationship between Jobs and former Disney CEO Michael Eisner. But since Iger succeeded Eisner last year, he has extended an olive branch to Jobs. Disney and Apple have already announced several online programming deals during the past few months. Disney now has agreements in place to sell hit ABC prime time shows, such as ââ¬Å"Desperate Housewivesâ⬠and ââ¬Å"Lostâ⬠, as well as content from ABC Sports and ESPN on Apple's popular iTunes music and video store.Cuggino said the addition of Jobs, who will also become Disney's l argest individual shareholder, to Disney's board could mean that more innovative digital deals could be in the works. ââ¬Å"Jobs is a dynamic personality who knows consumer electronics. It's an opportunity to bring some youthful energetic thinking to Disney's board. â⬠Disney, like many other large media companies, has seen its stock price stagnate during the past year as investors have flocked to more rapidly growing digital media firms such as Apple as well as search engines Google (Research) and Yahoo! Research) But Logsdon said the acquisition of Pixar could help Disney increase revenue throughout all of its business lines. So even though some may be quibbling in the short-term about how much Disney had to spend, he thinks Disney made the right move. ââ¬Å"It's a smart strategic deal,â⬠Logsdon said. ââ¬Å"The benefit in theme parks, consumer products and cable will probably make this deal look a lot smarter a year or two from now. ââ¬Å" pieplassaltmort1987http://www.blogger.com/profile/01464569697913291033noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6570312276478908524.post-8987123167095929552020-01-10T03:06:00.001-08:002020-01-10T03:06:02.711-08:00Top Choices of Pdf Packet College Essay SamplesTop Choices of Pdf Packet College Essay Samples Why Almost Everything You've Learned About Pdf Packet College Essay Samples Is Wrong As you are interested in getting the essay to communicate the very best information about you, you have to do thorough preparation for the sample college admission essays to accomplish its purposes. This kind of essay typically includes a minimum of 250 words. 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Oftentimes, the most effective essay topic is one which lets a number of your imperfections seep through. Two new essay options are added, and a number of the previous questions are revised. pieplassaltmort1987http://www.blogger.com/profile/01464569697913291033noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6570312276478908524.post-41720666746284657912020-01-01T23:30:00.001-08:002020-01-01T23:30:04.140-08:00Censorship As A Multi Million Dollar Market - 942 Words American singer-songwriter and poet, Jim Morrison, once said whoever controls the media, controls the mind. With the power to dictate what information an individual is allowed and not allowed to access, comes also the power to mould a society to whatever belief system that is desired. Advertising which has a rich history that can be traced back to early cave paintings, is a medium for persuasion and is often used by businesses and organisations to promote their products and ideas. Advertising being a multi-million dollar market for promoting a wide array of ideas, however, does not have freedom in itself to promote all ideas. It is assumed that the guiding force behind a censorship act has the entire control to set what a society believes. Censorship which can be defined as the suppression of information, acts to protect, to promote and to prevent. Censorship can be and is applied to advertising. This, censorship in advertising, is determined by varied factors. Political agendas can be noted as one determining factor in censorship. Germany under Adolf Hitler s rule (1933ââ¬â1945) is a reflection of such. Hitler wanted his people to believe that the Jewish people within the society were bad and promoted that Nazism was right. ââ¬Å"The Nazis orchestrated a massive propaganda campaign to win the loyalty and cooperation of Germansâ⬠(Holocaust Encyclopedia). 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Nuclear technology pieplassaltmort1987http://www.blogger.com/profile/01464569697913291033noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6570312276478908524.post-21139181249482884972019-12-24T19:15:00.001-08:002019-12-24T19:15:03.771-08:00Mass Media Concepts - 1359 Words MASS MEDIA AND SOCIETY (2) The concept of ââ¬Ëmassââ¬â¢ The ideas of ââ¬Ëmass societyââ¬â¢ date from the 1940s but before that time, since the19th century, there have been different ideas of what ââ¬Ëmassââ¬â¢ means. One use of the term ââ¬Ëmassââ¬â¢ was negative to refer to the mass of people or the ââ¬Ëcommon peopleââ¬â¢ ââ¬â who were seen as uneducated, ignorant, unruly or violent. ââ¬ËMassââ¬â¢ could also be used in a positive sense as in ââ¬Ëmass movementââ¬â¢ ââ¬â such as trade unionism, socialism, or working class solidarity against the forces of oppression. Terms such as ââ¬Ëmass supportââ¬â¢ or ââ¬Ëmass actionââ¬â¢ are other examples. Another way of looking at ââ¬Ëmassââ¬â¢ is to look beyond just a ââ¬Ëlarge numberââ¬â¢ of people to see if the group are acting collectively, or rationally, orâ⬠¦show more contentâ⬠¦Society is seen as being made up of linked working parts (subsystems), of which the mass media are one, each making an essential contribution to continuity and order. Society needs the continued maintenance of an accurate, consistent, supportive, and complete picture of the working of society and the social environment. It is by responding to the needs of individuals and societyââ¬â¢s institutions in consistent ways that the media achieve unintended benefits for society as a whole. The social functions of media The main functions of communication in society are: Information About events and conditions in society and the world Indicating relations of power Facilitating innovation, adaptation and progress Correlation Explaining, interpreting and commenting on the meaning of events and information Providing support for established authority and norms Socializing Coordinating separate activities Consensus building Continuity Expressing the dominant culture and recognising subcultures and new cultural developments Forging and maintaining common values. Entertainment Providing amusement, diversion and the means of relaxation Reducing social tension Mobilization Campaigning for social objectives in politics, war, economic development and sometimes religion These ââ¬Ëfunctionââ¬â¢ of society (above) are not ranked in any order and the relationshipShow MoreRelatedMass Media Influence On People s Ideas About Society936 Words à |à 4 PagesJamilah Alfadhli ENG 110-01 November 13, 2015 Mass Media Influence in Shaping Peopleââ¬â¢s Ideas about Society The most important goal for mass media is to make high revenues. To make this goal real and earn that money mass media maker or producer put effective working plans. These effective plans could be in all different kinds of any mass media. There are several effects of made mass media planning before it broadcasting a message to improve it economic. These effects are; effects of advertisingRead MoreThe And Dissemination Of Cultural Values, Ideologies, And Hierarchies832 Words à |à 4 Pagesthe full web of the ââ¬Å"word-conceptâ⬠culture, dominate much of the theory and practice. The most common debates are over naming eras and redefining terms like popular, culture, popular culture, etc. Despite the debate, the historiography maintains four important foci for the construction of cultural values: industrialization and the Progressive Era, the influence of industrialized media, the concept of shifting contexts, and a reference an attempt to identify the ââ¬Å"word-conceptâ⬠of ââ¬Å"the peopleâ⬠. Like theRead MoreThe Agenda Setting Model Can Guide The Public Opinion And Mass Communication1464 Words à |à 6 Pagesand mass communication about some social or political issues. Different with media effects model, the media effects more like to telling people how to think, however, the agenda setting model is successful in telling people what to think about. In a general way, agenda setting theory was constructed in the environment of traditional mass media, and the purpose is to study traditional mass media. About the visual agenda setting, the particular pictures, videos affect the influence of the media, whichRead MoreThe Between Media And Body Image1348 Words à |à 6 Pagesconstructed by the society and by the media. But women are affected that kind of construction. Mass media give narrow definition about the standard of beauty. Delis noticed this massage everywhere, especially in the media, ââ¬Å"I am so affected by Glamour magazine and Vogue and all that; Iââ¬â¢m looking at all these beautiful women. Theyââ¬â¢re thin. I want to be just as beautiful. I want to be just as thin. Because that is what guys likeâ⬠(Hesse-Biber, Sharlene Nagy 12). The media representation of the thin idealRead MoreStanley Cohens Concept of a Moral Panic1692 Words à |à 7 Pagesof both groups as well as the role of mass media in raising the conflict between them. The main goal of the current study is to speak about the concept of ââ¬Å"moral panicâ⬠which was introduced by Stanley Cohen in his studies. The paper will also focus on the conflict between the Mods and Rockers which occurred at the early 1960ââ¬â¢s in Great Britain. Stanley Cohenââ¬â¢s Concept of a Moral Panic As it has been stated above it was Stanley Cohen who brought the concept of moral panic in the common usage. BeforeRead MoreMedia and Mass Communications Development on a Healthy Mature Culture1200 Words à |à 5 PagesMedia and Mass Communications development on a Healthy Mature Culture This argumentative essay is specially made to discuss the possibility for media and mass communication to nurture the development of a healthy, mature culture. Overall, the process of media and mass communication media development has already caused changes in the public sphere. The digitalization of media dramatically increases the chances of the people to get an access to the information, which is transferredRead MoreDefinition of Mass Media1699 Words à |à 7 PagesThe Mass Media Defining the Mass Media Defining the Mass Media The focus of this opening section is an examination of different explanations of the relationship between ownership and control of the mass media and, in order to do this, we need to begin by thinking about how the mass media can be defined. Breaking down the concept of a ââ¬Ëmass mediaââ¬â¢ into its constituent parts... A medium is a ââ¬Ëchannel of communicationââ¬â¢ - a means through which people send and receive information. The printed wordRead MoreThe Political Economy And Cultural Studies Theories1429 Words à |à 6 PagesIntroduction Mass media plays an important role in the society by providing entertainment, information and acting as the governmentââ¬â¢s overseer. Several scholars have developed philosophies that help people understand how mass media fulfills its roles in the society. For example, Horkheimer and Adorno have constructed theories that explain the functions and impacts of mass media in the society across the globe (Mosco, 2008). The central theme in all mass communication models entails the meaning of media contentsRead MoreThe Field Of Sociology Is An Old But Ever Changing Systematic Study Of Human Behavior1579 Words à |à 7 Pagesa significant mass media issue of which continues to grow. It is not only apparent in its raw form as pornography on the internet but also in various social media feeds, in advertising , discussed in the press, and as a part of some forms of entertainment. Key concepts of this social phenomena include; the media and mass media, pornography, freedom of expression, normalisation, sexuality, identities, violence, and the sexualisation of women and young girls. In todayââ¬â¢s society, media are endlesslyRead MoreThe Concepts Of Agenda Setting And Framing1620 Words à |à 7 PagesThe concepts of agenda setting and framing are widespread and prevalent within mass media and in everyday forms of life. McCombs and Shaw define agenda setting as ââ¬Å"the idea that there is a strong correlation between the emphasis that mass media places on certain issuesâ⬠¦ and the importance attributed to these issues by mass audiences.â⬠(Scheufele 11) A related concept to agenda setting is framing, the idea that media can ââ¬Å"select some aspects of a perceived reality and make them more salient in a communicating pieplassaltmort1987http://www.blogger.com/profile/01464569697913291033noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6570312276478908524.post-67282533217595411012019-12-16T15:45:00.001-08:002019-12-16T15:45:03.265-08:00The Effect of News Teasers in Processing News on Television Free Essays Past researches on cognitive effects of news teasers[1] (or news previews) were mainly focused on the viewer attention and memory performance (e. g. Scheuder White, 1989; Cameron, Shleuder, Thorson, 1991; Schleduder, White Camerson, 1993), but little research has been conducted to examine the effects of the by-product of newscasts-news teasers. We will write a custom essay sample on The Effect of News Teasers in Processing News on Television or any similar topic only for you Order Now Changââ¬â¢s paper aimed at filling the gap between previous researches by exploring the role of news teasers in processing television news and examining the effectiveness of different news teasers in improving information retention and comprehension. Chang found that the presence of a news teaser in the preceding TV program enhanced viewerââ¬â¢s recall and comprehension of the news story teased. Additionally, the presence of a program reference in the news teaser demonstrated a significant impact on viewerââ¬â¢s comprehension of the news whilst presentation format of the news teaser did not have any effect. According to the priming effect and schema theory, priming is a natural process of the spreading activating particular connections in memory (Berkowitz Rogers, 1986) and it is used to explain the effects of news previews on viewerââ¬â¢s attention and memory status (Schleuder, White, Cameron, 1993). In addition, Schemata are mental structures that people use to organize their knowledge, make sense of an event and provide a framework for future understanding. With the use of a program reference in a news teaser will not only enhance spreading activation process, but serve a cue emphasizing the connection between program and upcoming news story. Therefore, Changââ¬â¢s study contended and showed that program-referred teasers have stronger priming effects on viewerââ¬â¢s recall and comprehension. Changââ¬â¢s findings are particular useful in amplifying the agenda setting effect by leveraging on the relationship between preceding program, news teasers and the following news feature. Common examples of such application include but not limited to socio-educational messages such as safe sex, safe driving, and campaigns against drugs, smoking and driving after alcohol consumption. A situational drama can first mention how drug taking ruined the life of a fictional character, following by a news teaser in the commercial break extracting remarkable scenes from the upcoming news program, then the news feature itself. The interaction between the three elements within such a short period of time not only could reinforce the message to be conveyed, but also deepened viewerââ¬â¢s impression on the issue. The most severe weakness of Changââ¬â¢s study is that it employed a simulated newscast and news teasers instead of naturally occurring ones. Besides, the external validity of Changââ¬â¢s research is weak given the TV viewing session was conducted in a laboratory setting with all participants being students. Despite the above limitations, Changââ¬â¢s study does provide new insights for practitioners to adopt in improving audience flow in broadcasting. How to cite The Effect of News Teasers in Processing News on Television, Essay examples pieplassaltmort1987http://www.blogger.com/profile/01464569697913291033noreply@blogger.com0